{ "name": "Plug Count appliance wattage data", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "source": "https://www.plugcount.com/", "updated": "2026-10-11", "units": { "watts": "W", "kwh_per_day": "kWh", "voltage": "V" }, "sizing_rule": "generator running watts >= sum(running); starting watts >= sum(running) + largest starting_watts", "appliances": [ { "slug": "air-fryer", "name": "Air fryer", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "airfryer", "basket air fryer", "air fryer oven", "ninja air fryer" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 1200, "typical": 1500, "high": 1800 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.7, "hours_per_day": 0.33, "kwh_per_day": 0.35, "kwh_note": "About 20 minutes a day; the heater runs full-on while preheating, then cycles: 1,500 W x 0.33 h x 0.7 = ~0.35 kWh.", "answer": "Most air fryers use about 1,500 watts (roughly 1,200-1,800 W): for example, Ninja's 4-quart model is 1,550 W and Instant's 6-quart Vortex Plus is 1,700 W. Smaller 2-quart models use less.", "factors": [ "Basket size: 2-3 quart models draw less than 6-quart and dual-basket units", "Temperature setting and cook time; the element cycles once at temperature", "Air fryer ovens with rotisserie or extra functions run near 1,700-1,800 W" ], "backup_notes": [ "No meaningful starting surge (the fan motor is small), but you need 1,500-1,800 W continuous", "A popular outage cooking option because it uses less energy than a full oven", "Check the wattage on the label against your power station's continuous rating before you cook", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Instant Brands: Instant Vortex Plus 6-quart air fryer", "url": "https://instantpot.com/products/instant-vortex-plus-6-quart-air-fryer" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/air-fryer/" }, { "slug": "blender", "name": "Blender", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "vitamix", "ninja blender", "smoothie blender", "countertop blender", "high speed blender" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 300, "typical": 700, "high": 1500 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 1000, "note": "Motor start surge is brief; Champion lists 500 W running / 700 W starting for a blender" }, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 0.05, "kwh_per_day": 0.035, "kwh_note": "About 3 minutes a day at 700 W = 0.035 kWh.", "answer": "A typical blender uses about 300-1,000 watts, around 700 W typical, while high-performance blenders like a Vitamix 5200 (11.5 A) can draw about 1,400 W. The motor briefly surges at startup.", "factors": [ "Motor size: personal blenders are a few hundred watts; high-performance blenders 1,000-1,500 W", "Load: thick, frozen mixtures make the motor work harder", "Speed setting" ], "backup_notes": [ "Leave headroom for the motor's starting surge, especially with high-power blenders", "Pure sine wave output is recommended for motors and electronic speed controls", "Run time is short, so battery use is tiny", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Vitamix: 5200 blender specifications", "url": "https://www.vitamix.com/us/en_us/shop/5200-standard-getting-started" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" }, { "title": "Generac (CHP): Generator wattage guide and worksheet (PDF)", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" }, { "title": "NV Energy: Household appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.nvenergy.com/brochures_arch/Appliance_Usage_Guide.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/blender/" }, { "slug": "chest-freezer", "name": "Chest freezer", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "deep freezer", "chest freezer", "garage freezer", "box freezer" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 50, "typical": 80, "high": 150 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 2200, "note": "Generator charts list about 2,200 W for refrigerator/freezer compressor starts; small chest freezers usually surge less" }, "duty_cycle": 0.3, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 0.6, "kwh_note": "ENERGY STAR says certified chest freezers use about 215 kWh a year (~0.59 kWh/day); 80 W x 24 h x 0.3 is about 0.58 kWh/day.", "answer": "A chest freezer typically draws about 80 watts while running (roughly 50-150 W) and uses about 0.6 kWh a day. The compressor needs a short starting surge, listed as up to about 2,200 watts on generator charts.", "factors": [ "Capacity: 5 cu ft models use much less than 15-20 cu ft models", "Location: hot garages make the compressor run more", "Manual-defrost chest freezers use less than frost-free models; let frost build-up stay under 1/4 inch", "ENERGY STAR models are at least 10% more efficient than the federal minimum" ], "backup_notes": [ "A full chest freezer holds temperature for about 48 hours unopened, so it can be powered in shifts during an outage", "Make sure the generator or power station surge rating covers the compressor start", "Pure sine wave output is recommended for compressor motors", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Freezers", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/freezers" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment: Generators guide with appliance wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/chest-freezer/" }, { "slug": "coffee-maker", "name": "Coffee maker", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "drip coffee maker", "coffee machine", "keurig", "single serve coffee maker", "coffee pot" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 750, "typical": 1000, "high": 1500 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 0.75, "kwh_per_day": 0.38, "kwh_note": "About 10 minutes of brewing at full power plus a warming plate that cycles: 1,000 W x 0.75 h x 0.5 = ~0.38 kWh/day. NV Energy estimates about 140 kWh/yr (~0.38 kWh/day).", "answer": "A drip coffee maker uses about 900-1,200 watts while brewing, about 1,000 W typical; the warming plate then cycles at lower average draw. Single-serve pod machines like Keurig pull roughly 1,400-1,500 W while heating.", "factors": [ "Brewing vs warming: the warming plate uses far less on average but runs for hours if left on", "Pod machines heat a reservoir quickly at high wattage and some keep water hot in standby", "Pot size: 12-cup drip makers use more than 4-5 cup models", "Auto-off timers limit warming-plate energy (for example, 4 hours on some Mr. Coffee models)" ], "backup_notes": [ "No starting surge; a 1,000 W drip maker runs on most power stations of 1,200 W or more", "Single-serve machines need about 1,500 W, so check your power station's continuous rating", "Brew, then pour into a thermos and switch the maker off to save battery", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension (developed with U.S. DOE): Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "NV Energy: Household appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.nvenergy.com/brochures_arch/Appliance_Usage_Guide.pdf" }, { "title": "OPPD (Omaha Public Power District): Appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.oppd.com/media/214903/appliance-usage-guide.pdf" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment: Generators guide with appliance wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" }, { "title": "Mr. Coffee: 12-cup programmable coffeemaker", "url": "https://www.mrcoffee.com/coffee-makers/10-cup-coffee-makers/mr.-coffee-12-cup-programmable-coffeemaker/SP_544000.html" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/coffee-maker/" }, { "slug": "dishwasher", "name": "Dishwasher", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "dish washer", "built in dishwasher", "dishwashing machine", "portable dishwasher" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 1200, "typical": 1200, "high": 2400 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 1500, "note": "Pump motor start; generator charts list about 1,500-1,800 W starting" }, "duty_cycle": 0.55, "hours_per_day": 1.5, "kwh_per_day": 1.0, "kwh_note": "Per load: ENERGY STAR standard models are capped at 240 kWh/yr over 215 cycles (about 1.1 kWh per cycle). The heater runs only part of a 1.5-2 hour cycle: 1,200 W x 1.5 h x 0.55 = ~1 kWh per run. Averaged over the year (215 loads) this is about 0.6 kWh/day.", "answer": "A dishwasher draws about 1,200-2,400 watts while its heater is on and much less while just pumping water; an ENERGY STAR model uses about 1 kWh or less per load. The pump motor has a modest starting surge.", "factors": [ "Heated dry greatly increases energy use; air dry saves energy", "High-temp, sanitize and heavy cycles heat water more", "ENERGY STAR standard models use at most 240 kWh a year", "Water heater temperature: most dishwashers boost incoming hot water internally" ], "backup_notes": [ "Wait for the heating phases: brief peaks of 1,200-1,800 W need a 2,000 W+ generator or power station", "Choose an eco or air-dry cycle when running on backup power", "Most dishwashers are hardwired or on a dedicated circuit; powering one needs a transfer switch or interlock, never backfeeding", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Dishwashers key product criteria", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/dishwashers/key_product_criteria" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Dishwashers", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/dishwashers" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension (developed with U.S. DOE): Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment: Generators guide with appliance wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/dishwasher/" }, { "slug": "electric-kettle", "name": "Electric kettle", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "kettle", "tea kettle", "hot water kettle", "electric tea kettle" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 1000, "typical": 1500, "high": 1500 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 0.15, "kwh_per_day": 0.23, "kwh_note": "About 9 minutes of boiling a day (a few full kettles) at 1,500 W = ~0.23 kWh.", "answer": "Most US electric kettles use about 1,500 watts while boiling (smaller 1-liter models about 1,000-1,200 W). A full 1.7-liter kettle boils in a few minutes, so each boil uses well under 0.1 kWh.", "factors": [ "Wattage mainly sets boil time; US kettles are usually capped near 1,500 W by 120 V outlets", "Amount of water: heat only what you need", "Keep-warm and variable-temperature features add some use" ], "backup_notes": [ "No starting surge, but it needs about 1,500 W continuous; many power stations under 1,500 W will shut off", "Boil water in short sessions; a single boil uses only about 0.05-0.1 kWh of battery", "Don't run it at the same time as other big heating appliances on a small generator", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Hamilton Beach: 1.7 liter stainless steel electric kettle (40989)", "url": "https://www.hamiltonbeach.com/1-7-liter-stainless-steel-electric-kettle-40989" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Electric cooking products (induction)", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/electric_cooking_products" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/electric-kettle/" }, { "slug": "electric-oven", "name": "Electric oven", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "oven", "wall oven", "electric range oven", "baking oven", "broiler" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 2000, "typical": 2500, "high": 3500 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 0.75, "kwh_per_day": 0.95, "kwh_note": "Assumes 45 minutes of baking a day with the element on about half the time after preheat: 2,500 W x 0.75 h x 0.5 = ~0.95 kWh. OPPD estimates about 20 kWh/month (~0.67 kWh/day) for a range/oven.", "answer": "An electric oven typically draws about 2,500 watts while the bake element is on (roughly 2,000-3,500 W, with broil at the high end). It runs on 240 V and cycles on and off once it reaches temperature.", "factors": [ "Bake vs broil: a GE 30-inch range lists 2,585 W bake and 3,410 W broil", "Preheating runs the element continuously; holding temperature cycles it", "Convection fans and self-clean cycles add load (self-clean runs for hours at high heat)", "Door openings and oven size" ], "backup_notes": [ "Ovens need 240 V and a 30-50 A circuit; most portable power stations and small inverter generators cannot run them", "Only a large generator with a 240 V outlet connected through a transfer switch or interlock installed by an electrician can power an oven; never backfeed", "During outages use a microwave, air fryer or toaster oven on 120 V instead", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "GE JB645RKSS 30-inch electric range specifications (Standard TV & Appliance)", "url": "https://www.standardtvandappliance.com/cooking/ranges/electric-freestanding-ranges/JB645RKSS/" }, { "title": "OPPD (Omaha Public Power District): Appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.oppd.com/media/214903/appliance-usage-guide.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/electric-oven/" }, { "slug": "electric-stove", "name": "Electric stove", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "electric range", "stovetop", "coil burner", "electric cooktop", "hot plate", "radiant cooktop" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 1200, "typical": 2000, "high": 3100 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 1, "kwh_per_day": 1.0, "kwh_note": "Per burner: about 2,000 W for 1 hour a day with the element cycling about half the time at medium settings = 1 kWh. A whole range (oven + all burners) is rated about 12 kW at 240 V but rarely draws that.", "answer": "Each electric stove burner uses about 1,200-3,100 watts: roughly 1,500 W for a 6-inch coil and 2,100 W for an 8-inch coil. A whole electric range is rated around 12,000 W at 240 V, though you rarely use it all at once.", "factors": [ "Burner size: small 6-inch elements are about 1,200-1,500 W; large and 'power boil' elements 2,100-3,100 W", "Heat setting: the element switches on and off to hold medium and low settings", "Number of burners and oven in use at once", "Coil vs smooth radiant glass top use similar wattage; induction transfers heat more efficiently" ], "backup_notes": [ "A full range needs 240 V on a 40-50 A circuit; only large generators connected through a transfer switch can power it, never by backfeeding", "A single 120 V plug-in hot plate or induction burner (up to about 1,800 W) is a better outage option for a power station", "Use pure sine wave power for ranges with electronic controls", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "GE JB645RKSS 30-inch electric range specifications (Standard TV & Appliance)", "url": "https://www.standardtvandappliance.com/cooking/ranges/electric-freestanding-ranges/JB645RKSS/" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment: Generators guide with appliance wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" }, { "title": "OPPD (Omaha Public Power District): Appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.oppd.com/media/214903/appliance-usage-guide.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/electric-stove/" }, { "slug": "induction-cooktop", "name": "Induction cooktop", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "induction burner", "portable induction cooktop", "induction hob", "induction stove", "induction hot plate" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 1000, "typical": 1800, "high": 3700 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.6, "hours_per_day": 0.75, "kwh_per_day": 0.8, "kwh_note": "Portable 120 V burner at 1,800 W max for 45 minutes, averaging about 60% of max across settings: ~0.8 kWh/day. Induction delivers about 85% of energy to the pan, so it often finishes faster than coil or radiant.", "answer": "A portable 120 V induction burner uses up to about 1,800 watts (the most a standard 15 A outlet allows), and less at lower settings. Built-in 240 V induction cooktops have zones of about 1,800-3,700 W each.", "factors": [ "Portable vs built-in: 120 V plug-in units top out around 1,800 W; 240 V cooktops have larger zones and boost modes", "Power level: induction varies output, so low settings draw far less than max", "Pan size and material: must be magnetic, and a pan that matches the zone heats faster", "Power sharing: built-in cooktops limit total draw (a GE 30-inch model is rated 7.7 kW max)" ], "backup_notes": [ "A portable induction burner is one of the most efficient ways to cook on a power station, but you need at least 1,800 W of continuous output at full power, or turn it down", "Induction electronics need pure sine wave power; inverter generators and quality power stations provide it", "Built-in 240 V induction cooktops need a large generator wired through a transfer switch, never backfed", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Electric cooking products (induction)", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/electric_cooking_products" }, { "title": "GE Profile PHP9030DTBB 30-inch induction cooktop specifications (AJ Madison)", "url": "https://www.ajmadison.com/cgi-bin/ajmadison/PHP9030DTBB.html" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/induction-cooktop/" }, { "slug": "instant-pot", "name": "Instant Pot", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "electric pressure cooker", "multicooker", "multi cooker", "pressure cooker", "instapot" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 700, "typical": 1000, "high": 1200 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.4, "hours_per_day": 1, "kwh_per_day": 0.4, "kwh_note": "About 1 hour per cooking session: full power while coming up to pressure, then the heater cycles to hold pressure: 1,000 W x 1 h x 0.4 = ~0.4 kWh.", "answer": "A 6-quart Instant Pot is rated 1,000 watts and an 8-quart model 1,200 watts; 3-quart minis use roughly 700 W. It draws full power only while heating up, then cycles to hold pressure.", "factors": [ "Size: 3, 6 and 8-quart models are rated about 700, 1,000 and 1,200 W", "Heating to pressure is the high-draw phase; holding pressure and keep-warm average much less", "Slow-cook and saute modes have different average draw" ], "backup_notes": [ "No starting surge; a 1,000 W model runs on a power station with about 1,200 W or more of continuous output", "One of the most energy-efficient ways to cook a full meal on battery power", "Keep the vent clear and the pot on a stable, heat-safe surface", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Instant Pot Duo user manual (IP-DUO60 / IP-DUO80 specifications, PDF)", "url": "https://www.williams-sonoma.com/netstorage/pdf/101063-InstantPot-Duo-Manual.pdf" }, { "title": "Instant Brands: Instant Vortex Plus 6-quart air fryer", "url": "https://instantpot.com/products/instant-vortex-plus-6-quart-air-fryer" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/instant-pot/" }, { "slug": "microwave", "name": "Microwave", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "microwave oven", "countertop microwave", "over the range microwave", "1000 watt microwave" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 800, "typical": 1500, "high": 1700 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 0.33, "kwh_per_day": 0.5, "kwh_note": "About 20 minutes a day at full power: 1,500 W x 0.33 h = 0.5 kWh. Utility guides estimate roughly 0.5-0.6 kWh/day (NV Energy 190 kWh/yr; OPPD 18 kWh/month).", "answer": "A microwave's advertised wattage is its cooking power; it actually pulls about 1.2-1.5 times that from the outlet. A typical 1,000-1,200 W microwave draws about 1,500 watts, with a range of roughly 800-1,700 W.", "factors": [ "Rated (cooking) power vs input power: a Panasonic 1,200 W model is listed at 1,480 W input", "Lower power settings cycle the magnetron on and off, so average draw falls but peak draw does not", "Inverter microwaves can hold lower power continuously", "Over-the-range models also run a vent fan and light" ], "backup_notes": [ "Size your generator or power station using input watts from the label on the back or inside the door, not the cooking wattage", "Microwaves need pure sine wave power; modified sine inverters can make them hum, heat poorly or fail", "A microwave's transformer can cause a short inrush, so leave headroom: a 1,000 W microwave usually needs a 1,800 W+ power station", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Panasonic: NN-SN67KS microwave features and specifications", "url": "https://help.na.panasonic.com/answers/features-and-specifications-microwave-oven-nn-sn67ks/" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension (developed with U.S. DOE): Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" }, { "title": "NV Energy: Household appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.nvenergy.com/brochures_arch/Appliance_Usage_Guide.pdf" }, { "title": "OPPD (Omaha Public Power District): Appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.oppd.com/media/214903/appliance-usage-guide.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/microwave/" }, { "slug": "mini-fridge", "name": "Mini fridge", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "compact refrigerator", "dorm fridge", "mini refrigerator", "compact fridge", "beverage fridge" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 50, "typical": 80, "high": 120 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 400, "note": "Small compressor; brief surge lasting under a second, roughly 3-5 times running watts" }, "duty_cycle": 0.4, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 0.75, "kwh_note": "ENERGY STAR certified 3.1 cu ft compact models are rated about 270 kWh/yr (0.74 kWh/day); 80 W x 24 h x 0.4 is about 0.77 kWh/day. Older or non-certified units can use 1 kWh/day or more.", "answer": "A mini fridge typically draws about 80 watts while running (roughly 50-120 W) and uses about 0.75 kWh a day. Its compressor surges to a few hundred watts for a moment at startup.", "factors": [ "Size: 1.7 cu ft cubes use less than 3-4 cu ft models with a freezer compartment", "ENERGY STAR models use at least 10% less than the federal minimum", "Thermoelectric (no compressor) coolers draw a steady 40-70 W and cool poorly in warm rooms", "Ambient temperature and ventilation around the coils" ], "backup_notes": [ "Small enough for most portable power stations of 500 Wh or more; check the surge rating covers the compressor start", "Use pure sine wave output for compressor motors", "A 1 kWh power station can typically keep a compact fridge running for more than a day", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR certified product: EdgeStar 3.1 cu ft compact refrigerator (270 kWh/yr)", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-residential-refrigerators/details/4478492/export/pdf" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Refrigerator and freezer key product criteria", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/refrigerators/key_product_criteria" }, { "title": "OPPD (Omaha Public Power District): Appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.oppd.com/media/214903/appliance-usage-guide.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/mini-fridge/" }, { "slug": "refrigerator", "name": "Refrigerator", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "fridge", "full size fridge", "full size refrigerator", "kitchen fridge", "french door refrigerator" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 100, "typical": 150, "high": 250 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 2200, "note": "Generator makers' charts list about 2,200 W for the compressor start, which lasts under a second; newer inverter-compressor models often surge much less" }, "duty_cycle": 0.4, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 1.45, "kwh_note": "ENERGY STAR listings for 25 cu ft models range from about 425 kWh/yr (top freezer) to 600-700 kWh/yr (bottom freezer), or roughly 1.2-1.9 kWh a day; 150 W x 24 h x 0.4 duty cycle is about 1.45 kWh/day (~530 kWh/yr). Defrost heaters and door openings add to this.", "answer": "A typical full-size refrigerator draws about 150 watts while the compressor runs (roughly 100-250 W) and uses around 1.2-1.9 kWh a day. Expect a brief starting surge of up to about 2,200 watts.", "factors": [ "Size and style: bottom-freezer, side-by-side and French-door models with ice makers use more than top-freezer models", "Age: refrigerators over 15 years old use noticeably more energy than ENERGY STAR models", "Automatic defrost heaters and through-the-door ice and water add load", "Room temperature, door openings and thermostat setting change how often the compressor runs", "Inverter (variable-speed) compressors run longer at lower wattage and start more gently" ], "backup_notes": [ "Size the generator or power station for the starting surge, not just the 150 W running draw; a 2,000 W+ inverter generator or a power station with a high surge rating is a safe bet", "A power station with pure sine wave output is recommended for compressor motors and electronic controls", "A fridge does not need power nonstop: running it a few hours at a time and keeping the door shut holds food safe while saving fuel or battery", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR certified product: Kenmore 25.0 cu ft top-freezer refrigerator (425 kWh/yr)", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-residential-refrigerators/details/3994455/export/pdf" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR certified product: Maytag 25.2 cu ft bottom-freezer refrigerator (615 kWh/yr)", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-residential-refrigerators/details/2263417/export/pdf" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Refrigerators", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/refrigerators" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment: Generators guide with appliance wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" }, { "title": "OPPD (Omaha Public Power District): Appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.oppd.com/media/214903/appliance-usage-guide.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/refrigerator/" }, { "slug": "rice-cooker", "name": "Rice cooker", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "rice maker", "electric rice cooker", "zojirushi", "rice steamer" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 300, "typical": 650, "high": 1000 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 1, "kwh_per_day": 0.33, "kwh_note": "About 45-60 minutes per batch, full power while boiling then cycling to steam and keep warm: 650 W x 1 h x 0.5 = ~0.33 kWh. Leaving it on keep-warm for hours adds more.", "answer": "A typical 5.5-cup rice cooker uses about 650 watts (Zojirushi's NS-ZCC10 is rated 680 W), while 10-cup models use about 1,000 W and small 3-cup cookers less. Keep-warm mode uses much less.", "factors": [ "Capacity: 3-cup, 5.5-cup and 10-cup models draw progressively more", "Fuzzy-logic and induction-heating models adjust heat through the cycle", "Hours spent on keep-warm" ], "backup_notes": [ "No starting surge; most 5.5-cup cookers run on a 1,000 W power station", "Turn off keep-warm when running on battery to save energy", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Zojirushi: NS-ZCC10/18 Neuro Fuzzy rice cooker specifications", "url": "https://www.zojirushi.com/app/product/nszcc" }, { "title": "Generac (CHP): Generator wattage guide and worksheet (PDF)", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/rice-cooker/" }, { "slug": "slow-cooker", "name": "Slow cooker", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "crock pot", "crockpot", "slow cooker 6 quart", "crock-pot" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 150, "typical": 200, "high": 300 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 8, "kwh_per_day": 1.6, "kwh_note": "Per day it is used: 200 W x 8 hours on LOW (most basic models have no thermostat cycling) = 1.6 kWh. Averaged over a year with occasional use it is far less (NV Energy estimates ~144 kWh/yr).", "answer": "A slow cooker typically uses about 200 watts (roughly 150-300 W), with HIGH drawing more than LOW. Over an 8-hour cook that is about 1-2 kWh.", "factors": [ "Size: 3-4 quart models draw less than 6-8 quart", "LOW vs HIGH setting; keep-warm draws less", "Programmable models switch to warm automatically when done" ], "backup_notes": [ "Low wattage and no surge make it easy for almost any power station or generator to run", "Long cook times add up: an 8-hour cook uses roughly 1.2-2 kWh of battery", "A good choice for generator owners who want a hot meal while running the generator for other loads anyway", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "OPPD (Omaha Public Power District): Appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.oppd.com/media/214903/appliance-usage-guide.pdf" }, { "title": "NV Energy: Household appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.nvenergy.com/brochures_arch/Appliance_Usage_Guide.pdf" }, { "title": "Generac (CHP): Generator wattage guide and worksheet (PDF)", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/slow-cooker/" }, { "slug": "toaster", "name": "Toaster", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "2 slice toaster", "4 slice toaster", "pop up toaster", "bread toaster" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 800, "typical": 1100, "high": 1650 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 0.1, "kwh_per_day": 0.11, "kwh_note": "About 6 minutes a day at 1,100 W = 0.11 kWh; NV Energy estimates about 39 kWh/yr (~0.11 kWh/day).", "answer": "A typical 2-slice toaster uses about 1,100 watts (roughly 800-1,400 W), and 4-slice models draw up to about 1,650 W. It only runs for a few minutes, so daily energy use is small.", "factors": [ "Number of slots: 4-slice toasters use roughly 50% more than 2-slice", "Darkness setting changes how long it runs, not the wattage", "Wide-slot and bagel settings may run only one side of elements" ], "backup_notes": [ "It is a resistive load with no starting surge, but 1,100-1,650 W is a lot for a small power station", "Run it alone, without other large loads on the same generator outlet", "Short run time means little battery use: a few minutes is about 0.1 kWh", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension (developed with U.S. DOE): Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment: Generators guide with appliance wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" }, { "title": "NV Energy: Household appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.nvenergy.com/brochures_arch/Appliance_Usage_Guide.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/toaster/" }, { "slug": "toaster-oven", "name": "Toaster oven", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "countertop oven", "convection toaster oven", "smart oven", "mini oven" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 1200, "typical": 1500, "high": 1800 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.6, "hours_per_day": 0.3, "kwh_per_day": 0.27, "kwh_note": "About 18 minutes a day; elements cycle to hold temperature after preheat: 1,500 W x 0.3 h x 0.6 = 0.27 kWh. NV Energy estimates about 96 kWh/yr (~0.26 kWh/day).", "answer": "A toaster oven typically uses about 1,500 watts (roughly 1,200-1,800 W), drawing full power while preheating and then cycling on and off to hold temperature.", "factors": [ "Size: large convection 'smart ovens' run near 1,800 W", "Preheat is at full power; holding temperature cycles the elements", "Convection fan and air-fry modes", "Cooking time and temperature setting" ], "backup_notes": [ "No starting surge, but you need a generator or power station that can deliver 1,500-1,800 W continuously", "Uses less energy than heating a full-size 240 V oven, making it a good outage option", "Keep it away from other big loads on the same circuit or outlet", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension (developed with U.S. DOE): Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Breville: the Smart Oven (BOV800)", "url": "https://www.breville.com/us/en/products/ovens/bov800.html" }, { "title": "OPPD (Omaha Public Power District): Appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.oppd.com/media/214903/appliance-usage-guide.pdf" }, { "title": "NV Energy: Household appliance guide (PDF)", "url": "https://www.nvenergy.com/brochures_arch/Appliance_Usage_Guide.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/toaster-oven/" }, { "slug": "upright-freezer", "name": "Upright freezer", "category": "kitchen", "aliases": [ "stand up freezer", "upright freezer", "frost free freezer", "standalone freezer" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 100, "typical": 150, "high": 250 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 2200, "note": "Compressor start surge lasting under a second, per generator makers' refrigerator/freezer listings" }, "duty_cycle": 0.3, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 1.1, "kwh_note": "ENERGY STAR says certified upright freezers use about 395 kWh a year (~1.08 kWh/day); 150 W x 24 h x 0.3 is about 1.08 kWh/day. Defrost heaters on frost-free models add periodic higher draw.", "answer": "An upright freezer typically draws about 150 watts while running (roughly 100-250 W) and uses about 1.1 kWh a day. Plan for a brief starting surge of up to about 2,200 watts.", "factors": [ "Frost-free uprights run defrost heaters and use more than manual-defrost models", "Size and age; ENERGY STAR models are at least 10% better than the federal minimum", "Front door lets cold air spill out each time it opens", "Hot garages or poor ventilation raise run time" ], "backup_notes": [ "Start it before other big loads so the generator only handles one surge at a time", "Pure sine wave output is recommended for compressor motors and electronic controls", "Keep the door closed; a full freezer stays frozen about 48 hours without power", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Connect appliances with heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never by backfeeding." ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Freezers", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/freezers" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment: Generators guide with appliance wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment: Generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/upright-freezer/" }, { "slug": "box-fan", "name": "Box fan", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "20 inch box fan", "window fan", "floor fan", "square fan" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 40, "typical": 75, "high": 110 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 8, "kwh_per_day": 0.6, "kwh_note": "Assumes about 75 W for 8 hours of use.", "answer": "A typical 20-inch box fan uses about 75 watts, roughly 40 W on low to about 110 W on high depending on the model. There is no meaningful startup surge.", "factors": [ "Speed setting: low speed draws noticeably less than high", "Motor efficiency: some 20-inch fans are rated around 55 W on high", "Fan size and blade design", "Age and dust on the blades and motor" ], "backup_notes": [ "Box fans are a good outage cooling option: a 500 Wh power station runs one for about 5-6 hours on high", "Any small generator can run several box fans", "Most box fans run fine on modified sine wave power, but they may hum; pure sine wave is quieter", "Keep the generator outdoors and do not point a window fan in a way that could draw generator exhaust inside" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Hurricane Classic 20\" box fan specifications (55 W)", "url": "https://hydrobuilder.com/products/hurricane-classic-floor-box-fan-20-inch" }, { "title": "Lasko 3733 20\" box fan product page", "url": "https://lasko.com/products/lasko-20-3-speed-box-fan-with-save-smart-3733-white" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/box-fan/" }, { "slug": "ceiling-fan", "name": "Ceiling fan", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "ceiling fans", "dc ceiling fan", "fan with light", "52 inch ceiling fan" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 5, "typical": 50, "high": 100 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 8, "kwh_per_day": 0.4, "kwh_note": "Assumes about 50 W (mid to high speed, fan only) for 8 hours; light kits add their own LED wattage.", "answer": "A typical ceiling fan uses about 50 watts, from a few watts on low with a DC motor to roughly 80-100 W on high with a standard AC motor. There is no meaningful startup surge.", "factors": [ "Motor type: DC motors draw far less (about 24-36 W on high for some 52-inch models) than AC motors (about 80 W on high)", "Speed setting: low speed can use only a few watts", "Light kit: an integrated LED adds around 18 W on many models", "ENERGY STAR fans are up to 44% more efficient than conventional fans" ], "backup_notes": [ "A ceiling fan is an efficient way to stay cool during an outage: a 500 Wh power station can run one on medium for many hours", "Ceiling fans are hardwired, so on a generator they need a transfer switch or interlock; a plug-in box fan is easier for portable setups", "Fans with DC motors or remote receivers run best on pure sine wave power", "Run generators outdoors only, far from doors and windows" ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Ceiling fans", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/ceiling_fans" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR certified ceiling fan: Hunter 52\" Erling DC (23.6 W high)", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-ceiling-fans/details/3530989/export/pdf" }, { "title": "Westinghouse Lighting 52\" Alta Vista ceiling fan spec sheet (84 W high)", "url": "https://www.westinghouselighting.com/pdfs/products/73146LE_spec.pdf" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/ceiling-fan/" }, { "slug": "central-air-conditioner", "name": "Central air conditioner", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "central ac", "central air", "ac condenser", "whole house air conditioner", "3 ton ac" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 2000, "typical": 3500, "high": 6000 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 7000, "note": "Our ~7,000 W is an estimate for a 3-ton unit; Generac's sizing guide says a 3-ton AC can need 15,000-18,000 W to start without a soft starter" }, "duty_cycle": 0.35, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 29.4, "kwh_note": "Assumes a 3-ton system (outdoor unit plus indoor blower) at about 3,500 W running 35% of a hot summer day; mild days use much less.", "answer": "A typical 3-ton central air conditioner uses about 3,500 watts while running (outdoor unit plus blower), and roughly 2,000-6,000 W across 2- to 5-ton systems. Expect a starting surge around 7,000 watts on 240 volts.", "factors": [ "Capacity in tons (1 ton = 12,000 BTU/h): power rises roughly in step with size", "Efficiency rating: newer systems are rated in SEER2/EER2; since 2023 the minimum is 13.4 SEER2 in the North and 14.3 SEER2 in the South", "Single-stage vs two-stage or variable-speed (inverter) compressors", "Outdoor temperature, duct leaks, dirty filters/coils and the thermostat setting", "Indoor blower motor type: an older PSC furnace blower adds more watts than an ECM blower" ], "backup_notes": [ "Central AC runs on a 240 V circuit, so it needs a 240 V generator connected through a transfer switch or interlock installed by an electrician; never backfeed through a dryer outlet", "Most portable generators cannot start a 3-ton AC; whole-home standby generators of about 15-22 kW typically can, especially with a soft-start kit", "The indoor furnace or air-handler blower must also be powered for the system to work", "Portable power stations generally cannot run central AC unless they are a 240 V whole-home battery system sized for the surge" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Honda Power Equipment Canada: Generators guide, appliance running and starting watts", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Massachusetts farm emergency plan, Appendix G: generator information (running/starting watts)", "url": "https://www.mass.gov/doc/appendix-g-generator-information/download" }, { "title": "Carrier: 2023 minimum efficiency standards (SEER2)", "url": "https://www.carrier.com/residential/en/us/homeowner-resources/minimum-efficiency-standards/" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Central air conditioners", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/central_air_conditioners" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/central-air-conditioner/" }, { "slug": "dehumidifier", "name": "Dehumidifier", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "basement dehumidifier", "50 pint dehumidifier", "portable dehumidifier", "35 pint dehumidifier" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 235, "typical": 400, "high": 700 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 800, "note": "Compressor start surge lasting under a second." }, "duty_cycle": 0.4, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 3.8, "kwh_note": "Assumes a 35-pint class unit at about 400 W with the compressor running about 40% of the day; a damp basement can push this much higher.", "answer": "A typical portable dehumidifier uses about 400 watts: roughly 235 W for a 22-pint model, 380 W for 35 pints and 515 W for 50 pints, with older units up to about 700 W. The compressor needs around 800 watts to start.", "factors": [ "Capacity in pints per day: bigger units draw more watts but remove water faster", "ENERGY STAR models use about 20% less energy than conventional units; check the Integrated Energy Factor (liters per kWh)", "Humidity setpoint and how damp the space is set how long the compressor runs", "Room temperature: cool basements reduce efficiency and can trigger defrost cycles" ], "backup_notes": [ "A 2,000 W inverter generator or a power station with about 1,000 W surge can handle a typical dehumidifier", "It is a low-priority load in most outages; run it in cycles if you need to protect a flooded or damp basement", "Use a pure sine wave power station so the compressor and controls run normally", "Keep generators outside, away from basement windows and vents, to avoid carbon monoxide" ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Dehumidifiers", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/dehumidifiers" }, { "title": "Frigidaire FHDD2233Y1 22-pint dehumidifier spec sheet (235 W)", "url": "https://static.pcrichard.com/docs/FHDD2233Y1_Specifications-Sheet_01.pdf" }, { "title": "Frigidaire FFAD3533W 35-pint dehumidifier spec sheet (380 W)", "url": "https://frigidaire.bynder.com/m/1f0bd4f5c6fb3cf0/original/FFAD3533W_EN-pdf.pdf" }, { "title": "Frigidaire GHDD5035W 50-pint dehumidifier spec sheet (515 W)", "url": "https://frigidaire.bynder.com/m/78c62c3b1cc0e8f6/original/GHDD5035W_CA-pdf.pdf" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment Canada: Generators guide, appliance running and starting watts", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/dehumidifier/" }, { "slug": "electric-blanket", "name": "Electric blanket", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "heated blanket", "electric throw", "heated mattress pad", "electric bed warmer" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 50, "typical": 100, "high": 150 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 8, "kwh_per_day": 0.4, "kwh_note": "Assumes about 100 W with the controller cycling the heat about half the time over 8 hours.", "answer": "An electric blanket typically uses about 100 watts on high, roughly 50-150 W depending on size and setting. It is a resistive load with no startup surge.", "factors": [ "Size: twin and full blankets use less than queen and king, which often have two controllers", "Heat setting: lower settings cycle the element off more of the time", "Preheat use versus all-night use", "Heated mattress pads and throws are in a similar wattage range" ], "backup_notes": [ "An electric blanket is one of the most efficient ways to stay warm in a winter outage: far less power than a 1,500 W space heater", "A 500 Wh power station can run one through most of a night on a medium setting", "Digital controllers run best on a pure sine wave inverter", "If you use a generator, keep it outdoors and run a CO alarm in the bedroom" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Serta heated blanket listing (70-120 W on high, per brand Q&A)", "url": "https://www.target.com/p/serta-king-plush-heated-blanket-teal/-/A-93487164" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/electric-blanket/" }, { "slug": "electric-fireplace", "name": "Electric fireplace", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "electric fireplace heater", "electric fireplace insert", "electric stove heater", "fireplace tv stand" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 300, "typical": 1500, "high": 2500 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 4, "kwh_per_day": 3.0, "kwh_note": "Assumes 4 hours with the 1,500 W heater cycling about half the time, as Dimplex assumes; flame-only use is far lower.", "answer": "A plug-in electric fireplace uses about 1,500 watts with the heater on, and much less (Dimplex says under 300 W) with only the flame effect. Some large built-in models draw up to about 2,500 W.", "factors": [ "Heater on or off: the flame effect alone uses a small fraction of heater power", "Heater setting: most 120 V plug-in units max out at 1,500 W (about 5,100 BTU of heat)", "Thermostat cycling once the room warms", "Large hardwired or 240 V built-in units can draw more", "LED flame effects draw less than older bulb-based effects" ], "backup_notes": [ "With the heater on it is a 1,500 W load, the same as a space heater, so it quickly drains portable power stations", "Flame-only mode is light enough for a power station if you only want the ambiance", "On a generator there is no surge, but budget the full 1,500 W running watts", "Electric fireplaces produce no combustion gases, but a generator powering one must stay outdoors because of carbon monoxide" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Dimplex: Electric fireplace technical support FAQ (1,500 W heater, flame wattage)", "url": "https://www.dimplex.com/en-us/support/troubleshooting-and-faqs/electric-fireplace-technical-support" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/electric-fireplace/" }, { "slug": "electric-water-heater", "name": "Electric water heater", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "water heater", "hot water heater", "electric tank water heater", "50 gallon water heater", "hybrid water heater" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 3500, "typical": 4500, "high": 5500 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.125, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 13.5, "kwh_note": "Assumes a 4,500 W element heating about 3 hours a day for a family of four. ENERGY STAR estimates a heat pump model saves about 3,760 kWh a year for such a household.", "answer": "A standard 240-volt electric tank water heater draws about 4,500 watts while heating, roughly 3,500-5,500 W depending on its elements. Heat pump water heaters draw only a few hundred watts in heat pump mode.", "factors": [ "Element wattage: most 40-50 gallon residential tanks use 4,500 W elements; some use 3,500, 5,500 or 6,000 W", "Most tanks have two elements wired non-simultaneous, so only one heats at a time", "Hot water use, incoming water temperature and the thermostat setting drive how many hours it heats", "Heat pump (hybrid) water heaters move heat instead of making it and can be two to three times more efficient, falling back to elements in high-demand or cold conditions" ], "backup_notes": [ "A 4,500 W, 240 V element is too much for small generators and most portable power stations; usually leave it off during outages", "If you do power it, it needs a 240 V generator through a transfer switch or interlock; never backfeed", "A full tank stays hot for many hours, so short generator runs can reheat it before showers", "Heat pump water heaters set to heat-pump-only mode draw far less and are much easier to back up" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "A.O. Smith electric water heater specification (element kW, non-simultaneous operation)", "url": "https://assets.aosmith.com/damroot/Original/10001/AOSTD63000.pdf" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Heat pump water heater savings", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/heat_pump_water_heaters/benefits-savings" }, { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Basics: Heat pump water heaters", "url": "https://bsesc.energy.gov/energy-basics/water-heaters-heat-pumps" }, { "title": "Eugene Water & Electric Board: Generator sizing considerations", "url": "https://www.eweb.org/documents/emergency-preparedness/generator-sizing-considerations.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/electric-water-heater/" }, { "slug": "furnace-blower", "name": "Furnace blower", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "furnace fan", "gas furnace", "furnace blower motor", "air handler blower", "furnace" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 150, "typical": 500, "high": 1000 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 1400, "note": "PSC blower motors surge briefly at start; ECM (variable-speed) blowers soft-start with little surge." }, "duty_cycle": 0.35, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 4.2, "kwh_note": "Assumes a 500 W blower running about 35% of a winter day. DOE-cited figures put furnace fans near 1,000 kWh a year in a typical home.", "answer": "A gas furnace's blower motor typically uses about 500 watts, ranging from roughly 150 W for an efficient ECM motor at low speed to about 1,000 W for a large older PSC motor. Allow about 1,400 watts to start it.", "factors": [ "Motor size (1/4 to 3/4 hp or more) and speed setting", "Motor type: ECM blowers use much less power than PSC motors, especially in continuous fan mode; DOE fan standards since July 2019 pushed new furnaces to ECMs", "Duct static pressure and dirty filters make the blower work harder", "Running the fan continuously ('On') instead of 'Auto' increases daily use", "The igniter, inducer fan and control board add a smaller load during each heating cycle" ], "backup_notes": [ "The blower is the part of a gas furnace that needs electricity; without it the furnace will not heat", "Furnace control boards can be sensitive to poor power quality, so an inverter generator or pure sine wave power station is the safer choice", "Most furnaces are hardwired, so they need a transfer switch, interlock or electrician-installed furnace inlet; never backfeed through an outlet", "A 1,000-2,000 Wh power station can run an ECM furnace for several hours; run generators outdoors only, because both the furnace and generator involve combustion and CO risk" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Assembly Magazine: Motor manufacturers strive to meet DOE furnace fan standards", "url": "https://www.assemblymag.com/articles/94880-motor-manufacturers-strive-to-meet-furnace-fan-standards" }, { "title": "Carrier: Fan Energy Rating (FER) compliant furnaces with ECM blowers", "url": "https://www.carrier.com/carrier/en/worldwide/news/news-article/carrier-introduces-fully-revamped-offering-of-fan-energy-rating-compliant-heating-products.html" }, { "title": "Eugene Water & Electric Board: Generator sizing considerations", "url": "https://www.eweb.org/documents/emergency-preparedness/generator-sizing-considerations.pdf" }, { "title": "Massachusetts farm emergency plan, Appendix G: generator information (running/starting watts)", "url": "https://www.mass.gov/doc/appendix-g-generator-information/download" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/furnace-blower/" }, { "slug": "heat-pump", "name": "Heat pump", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "air source heat pump", "whole house heat pump", "central heat pump", "heat pump system", "ducted heat pump" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 2000, "typical": 3500, "high": 6000 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 7000, "note": "Estimate for a single-stage ~3-ton unit; Generac says a 3-ton compressor can need 15,000-18,000 W to start without a soft starter. Inverter heat pumps start softly" }, "duty_cycle": 0.4, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 33.6, "kwh_note": "Assumes a 3-ton heat pump (compressor, outdoor fan and indoor blower) at about 3,500 W running 40% of a cold day, with no auxiliary heat; each hour of 10 kW aux heat adds 10 kWh.", "answer": "A typical 3-ton whole-home heat pump uses about 3,500 watts while running, roughly 2,000-6,000 W by size, on 240 volts. Auxiliary electric heat strips add another 5,000-15,000 watts when they switch on.", "factors": [ "Capacity in tons and outdoor temperature: heating output and efficiency drop as it gets colder", "Auxiliary (backup) resistance heat strips, commonly 5, 10 or 15 kW, engage in cold weather or defrost and dominate electric use", "Efficiency ratings (SEER2 for cooling, HSPF2 for heating) and whether the compressor is single-stage or variable-speed", "Thermostat setbacks that trigger aux heat during recovery", "Duct leakage and home insulation" ], "backup_notes": [ "Size a generator for the heat pump with auxiliary heat locked out; strips of 10 kW or more can overload most standby generators", "A 240 V heat pump needs a properly installed transfer switch or interlock; never backfeed through an outlet", "Variable-speed (inverter) heat pumps have low starting surge and are much easier on generators than single-stage units", "Standby generators must be outdoors with clearances per the manufacturer to prevent carbon monoxide entering the home" ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Air-source heat pumps", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/air_source_heat_pumps" }, { "title": "MRCOOL: Heat strip kits (5-20 kW) and breaker sizes", "url": "https://support.mrcool.com/hc/en-us/articles/36844297045780-Heat-Strips-and-Breaker-Sizes" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment Canada: Generators guide, appliance running and starting watts", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" }, { "title": "Carrier: 2023 minimum efficiency standards (SEER2)", "url": "https://www.carrier.com/residential/en/us/homeowner-resources/minimum-efficiency-standards/" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/heat-pump/" }, { "slug": "humidifier", "name": "Humidifier", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "cool mist humidifier", "warm mist humidifier", "ultrasonic humidifier", "evaporative humidifier" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 20, "typical": 40, "high": 300 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 10, "kwh_per_day": 0.4, "kwh_note": "Assumes a cool-mist (ultrasonic or evaporative) unit around 40 W for 10 hours; a warm-mist unit near 280 W would use about 2.8 kWh over the same time.", "answer": "A cool-mist humidifier typically uses about 20-50 watts, while warm-mist models that boil water use roughly 200-300 watts. There is no meaningful startup surge.", "factors": [ "Type: ultrasonic and evaporative (cool-mist) units use tens of watts; warm-mist/steam units heat water and use hundreds", "Mist output setting and fan speed", "Room size and run time", "Hybrid models with both modes draw far more when warm mist is on" ], "backup_notes": [ "Cool-mist humidifiers are an easy load for any power station; a 500 Wh station can run one through the night", "Warm-mist models draw several hundred watts and drain batteries quickly", "Use a pure sine wave inverter for ultrasonic units, which have electronic drivers", "If a generator is in use, keep it outside and use a CO alarm indoors" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Levoit Classic 200S ultrasonic humidifier manual (24 W)", "url": "https://levoit.com/cdn/shop/files/01.01_ML_Classic200S_2020-11-12_WEB_US_en-Gray.pdf" }, { "title": "Levoit LV600HH warm/cool mist humidifier manual (280 W)", "url": "https://levoit.com/cdn/shop/files/07.02_ML_HOHIHC11EL_LV600HH_Hybrid-Ultrasonic-Humidifier-WEB.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/humidifier/" }, { "slug": "mini-split", "name": "Mini-split", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "ductless mini split", "mini split heat pump", "ductless heat pump", "ductless ac", "split ac" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 300, "typical": 920, "high": 2500 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 1000, "note": "Inverter compressors ramp up gradually, so there is little or no surge beyond running watts." }, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 12, "kwh_per_day": 5.5, "kwh_note": "Assumes a 12,000 BTU unit averaging about half its 920 W rated draw over 12 hours; inverter units modulate rather than cycle.", "answer": "A 12,000 BTU ductless mini-split uses about 920 watts cooling and about 1,100 watts heating at rated conditions. Across sizes it ranges from a few hundred watts at low speed to about 2,500 W for large units, with little startup surge.", "factors": [ "Capacity: 9,000-36,000 BTU single-zone units; bigger units draw more", "Inverter compressors modulate, drawing a few hundred watts at low output and more at maximum", "Efficiency: SEER2, EER2 and HSPF2 ratings are often far above central systems", "Outdoor temperature: heating in very cold weather pushes draw toward the maximum", "Number of indoor heads on a multi-zone system" ], "backup_notes": [ "Inverter mini-splits have a soft start, so they are among the easiest air conditioners to run on a generator or large battery", "Most mini-splits are 208/240 V, so they need a 240 V generator connected through a transfer switch or interlock by an electrician; some small units are 120 V", "Inverter electronics prefer clean power: use an inverter generator or a pure sine wave power station", "Never run a generator indoors or in a garage; place it well away from the outdoor unit and windows" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Mitsubishi Electric MSZ/MUZ-GS12NA submittal (920 W cooling, 1,100 W heating)", "url": "https://resource.gemaire.com/is/content/Watscocom/Gemaire/mitsubishi_muz-gs12na-u1_article_1604089111890477_en_subs.pdf" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Central air conditioners", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/central_air_conditioners" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Air-source heat pumps", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/air_source_heat_pumps" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/mini-split/" }, { "slug": "portable-air-conditioner", "name": "Portable air conditioner", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "portable ac", "floor air conditioner", "portable a/c", "standalone air conditioner" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 800, "typical": 1125, "high": 1400 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 1800, "note": "Compressor start surge lasting under a second; inverter models surge less." }, "duty_cycle": 0.6, "hours_per_day": 8, "kwh_per_day": 5.4, "kwh_note": "Assumes a 10,000 BTU (ASHRAE) unit at 1,125 W for 8 hours with the compressor running about 60% of the time.", "answer": "A typical 10,000 BTU portable air conditioner uses about 1,125 watts while cooling, and roughly 800-1,400 W across common sizes. The compressor needs around 1,800 watts for a moment to start.", "factors": [ "Rated BTU: watts climb with size, e.g., about 1,125 W for 10,000 BTU and 1,350 W for 12,000 BTU (ASHRAE ratings)", "Portable units are less efficient than window units (EER near 9 vs 11-12), so they use more watts for the same cooling", "Single-hose designs pull in warm outside air and run longer than dual-hose designs", "Inverter compressors, room size and outdoor heat" ], "backup_notes": [ "A 2,500-3,000 W generator is a comfortable match for a 10,000-12,000 BTU portable AC plus a few small loads", "Portable power stations need a pure sine wave inverter rated well above 1,125 W continuous and ~1,800 W surge; runtime will be only an hour or two per kWh", "Plug the AC directly into the generator with a heavy-gauge cord; avoid power strips", "Keep the generator outdoors, away from the window where the exhaust hose vents, to avoid carbon monoxide entering the room" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Frigidaire FFPA1022R1 10,000 BTU portable AC spec sheet (1,125 W)", "url": "https://frigidaire.bynder.com/m/27dc5935ef0a39c0/original/FFPA1022R1_0320_EN-pdf.pdf" }, { "title": "Frigidaire FFPA1222R1 12,000 BTU portable AC spec sheet (1,350 W)", "url": "https://frigidaire.bynder.com/m/59e98c8f76f1a00f/original/FFPA1222R1_0320_EN-pdf.pdf" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/portable-air-conditioner/" }, { "slug": "space-heater", "name": "Space heater", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "electric space heater", "portable heater", "ceramic heater", "oil filled radiator", "1500 watt heater" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 750, "typical": 1500, "high": 1500 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 8, "kwh_per_day": 6.0, "kwh_note": "Assumes a 1,500 W heater on high for 8 hours with the thermostat cycling it on about half the time; running continuously it uses 1.5 kWh every hour.", "answer": "A typical plug-in space heater uses 1,500 watts on high and about 750-900 watts on low. Because it is a resistive heater there is no meaningful startup surge.", "factors": [ "Heat setting: nearly all US plug-in heaters top out at 1,500 W (about 12.5 amps at 120 V), with a low setting around 750-900 W", "Thermostat cycling: once the room warms up, the element switches on and off, lowering average use", "Heater type (ceramic, oil-filled, infrared) changes how heat is delivered, not how much electricity 1,500 W of heat takes", "Fan-only or eco modes draw far less than heat modes" ], "backup_notes": [ "A 1,500 W heater is one of the biggest plug-in loads: it will drain a 1 kWh portable power station in well under an hour on high", "On a generator, budget the full 1,500 W running; there is no surge, but it leaves little room on a 2,000 W inverter generator", "Plug it directly into the generator or a heavy-gauge cord rated for the load, and never leave it unattended", "Run generators outdoors only, far from windows and doors: carbon monoxide can kill" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Eugene Water & Electric Board: Generator sizing considerations", "url": "https://www.eweb.org/documents/emergency-preparedness/generator-sizing-considerations.pdf" }, { "title": "Lasko CT30796 1,500 W ceramic tower heater listing", "url": "https://www.acehardware.com/p/6093585" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/space-heater/" }, { "slug": "window-air-conditioner", "name": "Window air conditioner", "category": "heating-cooling", "aliases": [ "window ac", "window unit", "room air conditioner", "window a/c", "8000 btu air conditioner" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 440, "typical": 660, "high": 1200 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 1500, "note": "Compressor start surge, roughly 1.5-2.5x running for under a second; varies by size. Inverter (variable-speed) models start much more gently." }, "duty_cycle": 0.6, "hours_per_day": 8, "kwh_per_day": 3.2, "kwh_note": "Assumes an 8,000 BTU unit at 660 W for 8 hours with the compressor running about 60% of the time on a warm day.", "answer": "An 8,000 BTU window air conditioner uses about 660 watts. Common sizes run from about 440 W (5,000 BTU) to 1,100-1,200 W (12,000 BTU), and the compressor needs roughly 1,500 watts for a moment to start.", "factors": [ "Size: about 440 W for 5,000 BTU, 660 W for 8,000 BTU and 1,100 W for 12,000 BTU on current models", "Efficiency: EER/CEER is BTU per watt, so a higher CEER means fewer watts for the same cooling; ENERGY STAR models must beat federal minimums", "Inverter (variable-speed) compressors throttle down instead of cycling, cutting average use", "Outdoor temperature, sun exposure, thermostat setting (78°F suggested) and how well the unit is sealed in the window" ], "backup_notes": [ "Size the generator for the start surge, not just running watts: an 8,000 BTU unit typically needs about 1,500 W available to start", "Inverter generators of 2,000-2,200 W can usually run a 5,000-8,000 BTU unit; 12,000 BTU units are better matched to about 3,000 W", "Portable power stations need a pure sine wave inverter with surge capacity above the AC's starting draw; expect only a few hours of runtime from 1-2 kWh", "Generators belong outdoors, away from windows, including the window the AC is in, to keep carbon monoxide out" ], "sources": [ { "title": "GE AEM08LX 8,000 BTU window AC specifications (660 W, CEER 12.0)", "url": "https://www.abt.com/GE-8-000-BTU-12.0-EER-115V-Window-Air-Conditioner-AEM08LX/p/121351.html" }, { "title": "LG LW5016 5,000 BTU window AC specifications (440 W, CEER 11.0)", "url": "https://www.abt.com/LG-5-000-BTU-11.2-EER-115V-Window-Air-Conditioner-LW5016/p/100163.html" }, { "title": "Frigidaire FHWW122WC 12,000 BTU window AC spec sheet (1,100 W)", "url": "https://frigidaire.bynder.com/m/690430c4d3ec0807/original/FHWW122WC_EN-pdf.pdf" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Room air conditioners", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/room_air_conditioners" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Room air conditioner key product criteria (CEER)", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/room_air_conditioners/key_product_criteria" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment Canada: Generators guide, appliance running and starting watts", "url": "https://integration-powerequipment.honda.ca/Content/pe.honda.ca/c8bb9551-1f5b-40fd-90a5-38a7cfce00fd/SafetyPage_DownloadExplore_GenericLink/Generators_En.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/window-air-conditioner/" }, { "slug": "monitor", "name": "Computer monitor", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "monitor", "pc monitor", "computer screen", "display", "gaming monitor" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 10, "typical": 25, "high": 80 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 6, "kwh_per_day": 0.15, "kwh_note": "25 W x 6 h/day; standby (about 0.3 W) is negligible.", "answer": "A typical 24-27 inch LCD monitor uses about 15-35 watts, roughly 25 W. Efficient office models can use about 13 W; large, high-refresh or very bright gaming and 4K monitors can reach 60-80 W.", "factors": [ "Screen size and resolution", "Brightness: the single biggest setting you control", "Refresh rate and HDR on gaming monitors", "USB-C charging hubs add the power delivered to a connected laptop", "ENERGY STAR monitors average about 7% more efficient" ], "backup_notes": [ "Small load; easy to run from any portable power station", "Turn brightness down to stretch battery runtime", "Pair with the computer and router when sizing a work-from-home backup" ], "sources": [ { "title": "SHI product listing: Dell P2725H specifications", "url": "https://www.shi.com/product/48165458/Dell-P2725H-LED-monitor" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Monitors", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/monitors" }, { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (reproduces DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014/2901-9014.html" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/monitor/" }, { "slug": "desktop-computer", "name": "Desktop computer", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "desktop pc", "computer", "home computer", "pc tower", "office computer" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 40, "typical": 100, "high": 250 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 5, "kwh_per_day": 0.5, "kwh_note": "100 W x 5 h/day of active use; sleep draw (a few watts) adds little. Monitor not included.", "answer": "A typical desktop computer tower uses about 60-150 watts during everyday work, roughly 100 W, not counting the monitor. Compact and Apple-silicon desktops can idle under 10 W; powerful workstations can exceed 250 W.", "factors": [ "Processor and graphics card: a dedicated GPU is the biggest single factor", "Workload: idle and web browsing use a fraction of full-load power", "Power supply efficiency (80 PLUS rating)", "Sleep settings: ENERGY STAR computers use about 30-40% less energy, partly by sleeping when idle", "Monitor and peripherals are extra" ], "backup_notes": [ "Use a pure sine wave inverter, power station or UPS; many PC power supplies with active PFC can misbehave on modified sine wave", "Budget for the monitor and router too: a full desk setup is often 150-200 W", "A UPS gives time to save work and shut down cleanly when the power drops", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide." ], "sources": [ { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (reproduces DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Computers", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/computers" }, { "title": "Generac wattage reference guide (PDF)", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" }, { "title": "Apple Support: Mac Studio power consumption and thermal output", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/102027" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/desktop-computer/" }, { "slug": "game-console", "name": "Game console", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "ps5", "xbox series x", "nintendo switch", "video game console", "playstation 5" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 7, "typical": 160, "high": 220 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 3, "kwh_per_day": 0.48, "kwh_note": "160 W x 3 h/day of gaming (between Xbox Series X and PS5). Switch uses about 7 W, so its daily use is tiny.", "answer": "While gaming, a PS5 uses about 200-220 watts, an Xbox Series X about 150 W, an Xbox Series S about 75 W, and a Nintendo Switch only about 6-7 W docked. Streaming video uses much less, around 50-60 W on a PS5.", "factors": [ "Console model: PS5 and Xbox Series X are far hungrier than Series S or Switch", "Activity: gameplay uses the most; menus, loading and video streaming use less", "Rest/standby settings: PS5 rest mode is about 0.3 W, but 3-5 W if it keeps USB ports powered", "Don't forget the TV, which often uses as much as the console" ], "backup_notes": [ "Size for console plus TV: a PS5 and 55-inch TV together are roughly 300 W", "Use a pure sine wave power station or inverter generator", "A Switch can run for many hours from even a small power bank or power station", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide." ], "sources": [ { "title": "PlayStation: Ecodesign / power consumption information", "url": "https://www.playstation.com/en-nz/legal/ecodesign/" }, { "title": "Microsoft Xbox developer docs: Lab platform power baselines", "url": "https://devdocs.xbox.com/build/game-principles/sustainability/lab-platform-baselines" }, { "title": "Nintendo: Energy efficiency and eco-design of Nintendo Switch family consoles", "url": "https://nintendo.co.uk/Corporate/Consumer-Information/Eco-design/Information-about-energy-efficiency-and-eco-design-of-Nintendo-Switch-family-consoles-2026830.html" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/game-console/" }, { "slug": "gaming-pc", "name": "Gaming PC", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "gaming computer", "gaming desktop", "gaming rig", "pc gaming" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 200, "typical": 400, "high": 800 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 3, "kwh_per_day": 1.2, "kwh_note": "400 W x 3 h/day of gaming; idle and desktop use are much lower. Monitor not included.", "answer": "A gaming PC typically draws about 300-500 watts while gaming, around 400 W for a mid-range build. High-end builds with top graphics cards can pull 600-800 W or more; idle use is closer to 60-100 W.", "factors": [ "Graphics card: e.g. NVIDIA lists 250 W total graphics power for an RTX 5070 and 300 W for a 5070 Ti", "CPU class and overclocking", "Game settings, resolution and frame-rate caps", "Power supply size sets the ceiling, not the actual draw (NVIDIA asks for a 650-750 W PSU for those cards)" ], "backup_notes": [ "Needs a pure sine wave source with headroom: GPUs cause very short power spikes above the average, so size an inverter or power station at roughly 1.5x expected draw", "A 1,000 Wh power station runs a 400 W gaming session for only about 2 hours", "Gaming during an outage is low priority; save fuel or battery for refrigeration and essentials", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide." ], "sources": [ { "title": "NVIDIA: GeForce RTX 5070 family specifications", "url": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/50-series/rtx-5070-family/" }, { "title": "Generac wattage reference guide (PDF)", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" }, { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Computers", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/computers" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/gaming-pc/" }, { "slug": "led-bulb", "name": "LED light bulb", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "led bulb", "light bulb", "led light", "60 watt equivalent led", "lightbulb" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 5, "typical": 9, "high": 20 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 3, "kwh_per_day": 0.027, "kwh_note": "9 W x 3 h/day per bulb.", "answer": "A standard LED bulb that replaces a 60-watt incandescent (about 800 lumens) uses roughly 8-10 watts, about 9 W. A 40 W equivalent uses about 6 W and a 100 W equivalent about 16-20 W.", "factors": [ "Brightness (lumens): 450 lm replaces 40 W, 800 lm replaces 60 W, 1,100 lm replaces 75 W, 1,600 lm replaces 100 W", "Bulb efficiency varies by brand; check the watts on the Lighting Facts label", "Smart bulbs draw a little standby power when 'off'", "ENERGY STAR LEDs use up to 90% less energy than incandescents" ], "backup_notes": [ "Lighting is one of the cheapest outage loads: ten 9 W LEDs total only 90 W", "Swap any remaining incandescents before an outage to stretch battery runtime about six-fold", "Some LEDs flicker on modified sine wave inverters; pure sine wave avoids this" ], "sources": [ { "title": "FTC Consumer Advice: Choosing energy-efficient light bulbs (lumens)", "url": "https://consumer.ftc.gov/node/298612" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Light bulbs", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/light_bulbs" }, { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Lighting choices to save you money", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/lighting-choices-save-you-money" }, { "title": "LEDVANCE: Lumens to watts conversion chart", "url": "https://ledvance.com/en-us/professional-lighting/insights/blog/lighting-basics/lumens-to-watts" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/led-bulb/" }, { "slug": "laptop", "name": "Laptop", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "laptop computer", "notebook", "macbook", "chromebook", "laptop charger" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 15, "typical": 50, "high": 200 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 6, "kwh_per_day": 0.3, "kwh_note": "50 W x 6 h/day while plugged in; most use is well below the charger's rating, so this is conservative.", "answer": "A typical laptop uses about 30-60 watts while plugged in and charging, roughly 50 W. Light ultrabooks and Chromebooks can use 15-30 W, while gaming laptops can draw 150-200 W or more.", "factors": [ "Charger rating sets the maximum (often 30-100 W; gaming laptops 180-330 W)", "Charging a flat battery while working uses the most", "Screen brightness and workload", "Dedicated graphics in gaming or creator laptops" ], "backup_notes": [ "One of the easiest loads to back up; many power stations can charge it directly from USB-C PD", "A 300 Wh power station can recharge a typical laptop several times", "Charging over USB-C or a DC car adapter avoids inverter losses" ], "sources": [ { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (reproduces DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Generac wattage reference guide (PDF)", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Computers", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/computers" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/laptop/" }, { "slug": "phone-charger", "name": "Phone charger", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "iphone charger", "usb charger", "cell phone charger", "usb-c charger", "phone charging" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 5, "typical": 15, "high": 60 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 2, "kwh_per_day": 0.03, "kwh_note": "15 W x 2 h/day of active charging; an idle charger left plugged in draws a fraction of a watt.", "answer": "A phone charger uses about 5-20 watts while charging, around 15 W on average, and almost nothing once the phone is full. Fast chargers are rated 20-60 W, but that is a maximum, reached only briefly.", "factors": [ "Charger rating: older 5 W cubes vs 20-60 W USB-C PD fast chargers", "Battery level: draw tapers as the phone nears full", "Wireless charging is less efficient than a cable", "Phone model: Apple recommends 18-20 W or more for fast charging older iPhones and 40-60 W for the newest Pro models" ], "backup_notes": [ "Charge phones directly from a power station's USB ports to skip inverter losses", "A 100 Wh power bank or station can recharge a typical phone around 5-7 times", "Keep phones charged ahead of storms; they're key for alerts during outages" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Apple Support: Fast charge your iPhone", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/102574" }, { "title": "Apple: 20W USB-C Power Adapter", "url": "https://www.apple.com/shop/product/MHJA3AM/A/20w-usb-c-power-adapter" }, { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/phone-charger/" }, { "slug": "printer", "name": "Printer", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "inkjet printer", "laser printer", "home printer", "all-in-one printer", "laserjet" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 10, "typical": 15, "high": 600 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": null, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 0.13, "kwh_note": "Mostly ready/standby: about 5 W x 24 h = 0.12 kWh, plus a few minutes of printing. Sleep (0.5-1.2 W) cuts this sharply.", "answer": "A home inkjet uses only about 10-30 watts while printing (Epson lists 12 W for an EcoTank ET-2800). A laser printer is very different: around 500 W while printing, with brief higher spikes as the fuser heats. Both idle at about 5 W.", "factors": [ "Inkjet vs laser: laser fusers heat toner with a high-wattage heater", "Warm-up: laser printers draw the most in the first seconds of a job or wake-up", "Print speed and duty: larger office lasers draw more", "Sleep and auto-off settings control idle use (HP lists 0.5 W sleep on its LaserJet Pro 4001dn)" ], "backup_notes": [ "An inkjet is an easy load for any power station", "Laser printers need a large inverter: HP lists 495 W while printing, and warm-up spikes run higher, so small power stations and UPS units can trip or shut off", "Printer makers generally advise against plugging laser printers into a UPS's battery-backed outlets; use the surge-only outlets", "Skip printing during outages unless it's essential; it's a poor use of limited battery" ], "sources": [ { "title": "HP: LaserJet Pro 4001dn specifications (power consumption)", "url": "https://www.hp.com/us-en/shop/pdp/hp-laserjet-pro-4001dn-printer-2z600f-bgj" }, { "title": "HP: OfficeJet Pro 9125e specifications", "url": "https://hp.com/bd-en/products/printers/product-details/product-specifications/2101420731" }, { "title": "SHI product listing: Epson EcoTank ET-2800 specifications", "url": "https://www.shi.com/product/43264833/Epson-EcoTank-ET-2800-All-in-One-Supertank-Printer" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment generator wattage calculator", "url": "https://powerequipment.honda.com/generators/wattage-calculator" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/printer/" }, { "slug": "starlink", "name": "Starlink", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "starlink dish", "starlink mini", "starlink standard", "satellite internet", "dishy" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 25, "typical": 90, "high": 100 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 2.16, "kwh_note": "Standard kit at ~90 W x 24 h. A Mini at 25-40 W uses about 0.6-1.0 kWh/day.", "answer": "Starlink says the Standard kit averages 75-100 watts and the Mini averages 25-40 watts. Over a full day that is roughly 2 kWh for a Standard and under 1 kWh for a Mini.", "factors": [ "Kit: Standard (75-100 W average) vs Mini (25-40 W average)", "Snow melt / heating in cold weather raises draw", "Data use and obstructions: the dish works harder with heavy traffic", "Included router adds its share; a third-party router adds more", "Sleep schedules in the Starlink app cut daily use" ], "backup_notes": [ "Starlink's power supply is 100-240 V AC (Standard rated 2.5 A, Mini 1.6 A); any pure sine wave power station works", "Running 24/7 adds up: a 1,000 Wh power station runs a Standard kit for roughly 8-10 hours, a Mini for about 20-30 hours", "The Mini can run from 12-48 V DC (60 W input) or a 100 W USB-C PD source, skipping the inverter and its losses", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Starlink specification sheet: Standard kit (PDF)", "url": "https://www.starlink.com/public-files/specification_sheet_standard.pdf" }, { "title": "Starlink specification sheet: Mini kit (PDF)", "url": "https://www.starlink.com/public-files/specification_sheet_mini.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/starlink/" }, { "slug": "tv", "name": "TV", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "television", "tv watts", "led tv", "smart tv", "55 inch tv", "oled tv" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 50, "typical": 80, "high": 200 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 5, "kwh_per_day": 0.4, "kwh_note": "80 W x 5 h/day (the FTC EnergyGuide basis for TVs). A 2024 Samsung 55-inch Crystal UHD (UN55DU7200) is labeled 120 kWh/yr, about 66 W on average; OLED, larger and brighter HDR sets use more.", "answer": "A typical 55-inch LED TV uses about 60-100 watts while on, roughly 80 W on average. Smaller sets can use 50 W or less; large or OLED sets with bright HDR can reach 150-200 W. There is no startup surge.", "factors": [ "Screen size: power rises roughly with screen area", "Panel type and brightness: OLED and bright HDR content draw more than an LED-LCD at normal brightness", "Picture mode: 'Vivid' or 'Dynamic' modes use noticeably more than eco or standard modes", "ENERGY STAR models average about 34% less energy and must use 0.5 W or less in sleep", "Connected soundbars, streaming boxes and consoles add their own load" ], "backup_notes": [ "Easy load for even a small portable power station; a 500 Wh unit can run a typical 55-inch TV for roughly 5 hours", "Use an inverter generator or pure sine wave power station; modern TVs have switching supplies that dislike rough power", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide.", "Don't forget the router or streaming box if you want to watch online content" ], "sources": [ { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Televisions", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/televisions" }, { "title": "SHI product listing: Samsung UN55DU7200F specifications (120 kWh/yr EnergyGuide)", "url": "https://www.publicsector.shidirect.com/product/47644319/Samsung-UN55DU7200F-55-inch-Diagonal-Class-(54.6-inch-viewable)" }, { "title": "Generac wattage reference guide (PDF)", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" }, { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/tv/" }, { "slug": "wifi-router", "name": "Wi-Fi router and modem", "category": "electronics", "aliases": [ "router", "modem", "wifi router", "internet router", "ont", "mesh wifi" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 6, "typical": 15, "high": 35 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 0.36, "kwh_note": "15 W x 24 h for a router plus cable modem or fiber ONT.", "answer": "A home Wi-Fi router uses about 4-10 watts and a modem or fiber ONT a similar amount, so the pair typically draws about 10-20 watts combined. Large Wi-Fi 7 or gateway units can use 20-25 W each.", "factors": [ "Wi-Fi generation and band count: tri-band Wi-Fi 6E/7 units draw more", "Number of mesh nodes: each node adds its own load", "Combined gateway vs separate modem and router", "Traffic load and wired ports in use", "Eco/energy-saving modes on newer models" ], "backup_notes": [ "One of the best things to keep powered in an outage: a 300 Wh power station can run a 15 W router and modem for about 15-18 hours", "Many routers and ONTs run on 12 V DC; a DC cable or small DC UPS avoids inverter losses", "Your internet still depends on the provider's equipment staying powered in the neighborhood" ], "sources": [ { "title": "eero Support: How much power does eero use?", "url": "https://eero.com/support/articles/how-much-power-does-eero-use" }, { "title": "NCTA: Report finds energy efficiency gains for home internet devices", "url": "https://www.ncta.com/news/report-finds-impressive-energy-efficiency-gains-for-home-internet-devices" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/wifi-router/" }, { "slug": "iron", "name": "Clothes iron", "category": "laundry-home", "aliases": [ "iron", "steam iron", "clothes iron watts", "garment steamer" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 1000, "typical": 1200, "high": 1800 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 0.25, "kwh_per_day": 0.15, "kwh_note": "1,200 W x 15 min/day with the thermostat cycling the element about half the time.", "answer": "A clothes iron uses about 1,000-1,800 watts while heating, typically around 1,200 W. Its thermostat cycles the element on and off, so average draw is lower, but your power source must handle the full wattage.", "factors": [ "Rated wattage: steam irons and steam stations are often 1,500-1,800 W", "Temperature setting: hotter fabric settings keep the element on longer", "Steam use increases heating time", "Auto-off features cut wasted energy" ], "backup_notes": [ "Needs a power station or generator that can supply the full rated wattage; the thermostat switches the element fully on", "Ironing is a low priority during outages", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide." ], "sources": [ { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (reproduces DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Generac GP series owner's manual: wattage reference guide (via ManualsLib)", "url": "https://www.manualslib.fr/manual/631125/Generac-Gp-Serie.html?page=15" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/iron/" }, { "slug": "electric-dryer", "name": "Electric clothes dryer", "category": "laundry-home", "aliases": [ "dryer", "clothes dryer", "electric dryer", "tumble dryer", "240v dryer" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 1800, "typical": 5000, "high": 5800 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 6500, "note": "Rough planning figure: the heating element dominates; the drum motor adds a brief start surge (generator charts imply roughly 1,000-2,000 W). Size for the 5,000-5,800 W running load first." }, "duty_cycle": 0.7, "hours_per_day": 0.75, "kwh_per_day": 2.6, "kwh_note": "About one load a day: 5,000 W x 0.75 h x ~0.7 element duty (the thermostat cycles the heater) = ~2.6 kWh. Heat pump dryers use about 70% less.", "answer": "A standard 240-volt electric dryer uses about 5,000 watts while heating, ranging from about 1,800 W for compact models to about 5,800 W. Gas dryers use only about 700-800 W for the motor and controls.", "factors": [ "Heating element size: most full-size 240 V dryers have a ~5,000 W element", "Heat setting and moisture sensors that end the cycle early", "Load wetness: higher washer spin speeds cut drying time", "Heat pump dryers use about 70% less energy", "Clean lint filters and vents shorten cycles" ], "backup_notes": [ "Needs a 240 V source rated at least 5,000-6,000 W running; most portable power stations and small generators can't run it", "Must be connected through a properly installed transfer switch or interlock; never backfeed through a dryer outlet with a 'suicide cord'", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide.", "In an outage, line-drying or a gas dryer on a small generator is far more practical" ], "sources": [ { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (reproduces DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Generac GP series owner's manual: wattage reference guide (via ManualsLib)", "url": "https://www.manualslib.fr/manual/631125/Generac-Gp-Serie.html?page=15" }, { "title": "Whirlpool: Generator usage with appliances (wattage guide)", "url": "https://producthelp.whirlpool.com/FAQ/Generator_Usage_with_Appliances" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment generator wattage calculator", "url": "https://powerequipment.honda.com/generators/wattage-calculator" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Clothes dryers", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/clothes_dryers" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/electric-dryer/" }, { "slug": "hair-dryer", "name": "Hair dryer", "category": "laundry-home", "aliases": [ "blow dryer", "hairdryer", "blow dryer watts", "hair blower" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 1000, "typical": 1500, "high": 1875 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 0.17, "kwh_per_day": 0.26, "kwh_note": "1,500 W x 10 minutes a day.", "answer": "A hair dryer uses about 1,200-1,875 watts on its high setting, typically around 1,500 W. Low settings cut that roughly in half. There's no significant startup surge because it is mostly a heating element.", "factors": [ "Heat setting: the heater, not the fan, uses most of the power", "Rated wattage: 1,875 W is the common maximum for US full-size dryers", "Travel dryers are often 1,000-1,200 W", "Drying time depends on hair length and airflow" ], "backup_notes": [ "A big load for its size: needs a power station or generator with at least 1,500-2,000 W continuous output", "Use the low heat setting to roughly halve the draw", "Ten minutes on high uses about 0.25 kWh, a noticeable chunk of a small power station", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide." ], "sources": [ { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (reproduces DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Generac wattage reference guide (PDF)", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" }, { "title": "Honda Power Equipment generator wattage calculator", "url": "https://powerequipment.honda.com/generators/wattage-calculator" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/hair-dryer/" }, { "slug": "vacuum-cleaner", "name": "Vacuum cleaner", "category": "laundry-home", "aliases": [ "vacuum", "upright vacuum", "canister vacuum", "shop vac", "stick vacuum" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 500, "typical": 1000, "high": 1440 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 1500, "note": "Estimate: brief motor inrush when switched on; generator makers suggest allowing up to about 2x running watts for motor starts." }, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 0.25, "kwh_per_day": 0.25, "kwh_note": "1,000 W x 15 minutes/day. Cordless stick vacuums only use their charger (typically under 100 W).", "answer": "A corded vacuum cleaner typically uses about 1,000-1,440 watts, roughly 1,000 W for a full-size upright. Compact models use around 500-800 W, and cordless stick vacuums only draw their charger's small load.", "factors": [ "Motor size: full-size uprights and canisters approach the 1,440 W (12 A) limit for a 120 V plug", "Power mode or suction setting", "Powered brush heads add load", "Cordless models move use to a charger rated under about 100 W" ], "backup_notes": [ "Plan for 1,500 W or more of surge capacity on a power station or inverter generator", "Cordless vacuums are easy to recharge from a power station", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide." ], "sources": [ { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (reproduces DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Generac wattage reference guide (PDF)", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/vacuum-cleaner/" }, { "slug": "washing-machine", "name": "Washing machine", "category": "laundry-home", "aliases": [ "washer", "clothes washer", "washing machine watts", "front load washer", "top load washer" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 350, "typical": 500, "high": 1150 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 1200, "note": "Motor start surge; front-loaders with inverter motors start more gently. Size for 1,200-2,000 W of surge to be safe." }, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 1, "kwh_per_day": 0.25, "kwh_note": "About one load a day; the motor averages ~500 W over roughly half of a 1-hour cycle. Excludes hot water: ENERGY STAR says water heating is about 90% of a washer's energy.", "answer": "A washing machine typically uses about 350-500 watts while running, with spin cycles and older top-loaders reaching about 1,150 W. The motor needs roughly 1,200 W or more for a moment at startup.", "factors": [ "Front-load vs top-load: front-load ENERGY STAR washers use about 50% less energy than agitator top-loaders", "Wash temperature, especially with an internal heater or electric water heater", "Spin speed and load size", "ENERGY STAR models use about 20% less energy and 30% less water" ], "backup_notes": [ "Needs a generator or power station that handles a motor surge of 1,200-2,000 W", "Use cold water during outages; the water heater, not the washer, is the big load", "Run it by itself, not alongside a well pump or AC, to avoid stacking surges", "Run any generator outdoors, well away from doors, windows and vents; never in a garage or basement, because of carbon monoxide." ], "sources": [ { "title": "U.S. DOE Energy Saver: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (typical wattage table)", "url": "https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/estimating-appliance-and-home-electronic-energy-use" }, { "title": "Virginia Cooperative Extension: Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use (reproduces DOE wattage table)", "url": "https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/2901/2901-9014/2901-9014.html" }, { "title": "Champion Power Equipment generator wattage chart (PDF)", "url": "https://www.championpowerequipment.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Generators-WattageChartFlyer-web.pdf" }, { "title": "Generac GP series owner's manual: wattage reference guide (via ManualsLib)", "url": "https://www.manualslib.fr/manual/631125/Generac-Gp-Serie.html?page=15" }, { "title": "Whirlpool: Generator usage with appliances (wattage guide)", "url": "https://producthelp.whirlpool.com/FAQ/Generator_Usage_with_Appliances" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Clothes washers", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/clothes_washers" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/washing-machine/" }, { "slug": "air-compressor", "name": "Air compressor", "category": "outdoor-tools", "aliases": [ "air compressor", "pancake compressor", "shop compressor", "portable air compressor", "garage compressor" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 800, "typical": 1000, "high": 1800 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 2000, "note": "Generac's chart lists about 2,000 W to start a 1/2 HP compressor; it restarts against tank pressure every time the pressure switch kicks in, so the surge repeats" }, "duty_cycle": 0.5, "hours_per_day": 0.5, "kwh_per_day": 0.25, "kwh_note": "Assumes 30 minutes of tool use on a work day with the motor running about half that time; 1,000 W x 0.5 h x 0.5 = 0.25 kWh.", "answer": "A portable pancake or small hot-dog air compressor draws about 1,000 watts while running (roughly 800-1,800 W for 120 V models) and around 2,000 W to start. Large 60-gallon shop compressors are 240 V and draw much more.", "factors": [ "Motor size: small pancake and hot-dog units are under 1 HP; 20-30 gallon 120 V models run near a 15 A circuit's limit", "Large stationary (60-80 gallon) compressors use 240 V motors of 3 HP and up", "Tank pressure: the motor works hardest near cut-out pressure", "Air demand from tools sets how often the compressor cycles" ], "backup_notes": [ "Size for the starting surge; the compressor restarts under load each time the tank drops to cut-in pressure", "Oil-free pancake compressors usually start fine on a 2,000 W+ inverter generator or a power station with a 2,000 W+ surge rating", "Use a short, heavy-gauge extension cord; a long thin cord causes voltage drop that makes starting harder", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Use heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never backfeed a home outlet." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Generac portable generator brochure: wattage reference chart (approximate running and starting watts)", "url": "https://apelectric.com/content/PDF/Generac/7713_brochure.pdf" }, { "title": "Generac/CHP generator wattage worksheet and buying guide", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" }, { "title": "DEWALT DWFP55126 6-gallon pancake compressor specifications", "url": "https://dewalt.ca/product/dwfp55126/165-psi-heavy-duty-pancake-compressor" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/air-compressor/" }, { "slug": "circular-saw", "name": "Circular saw", "category": "outdoor-tools", "aliases": [ "circular saw", "skil saw", "7-1/4 circular saw", "corded circular saw", "worm drive saw" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 1000, "typical": 1400, "high": 1800 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 2300, "note": "Generac lists about 2,300 W at start-up for a 7-1/4 inch saw; the surge lasts a fraction of a second" }, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 0.25, "kwh_per_day": 0.35, "kwh_note": "Assumes about 15 minutes of actual cutting on a day the saw is used; 1,400 W x 0.25 h = 0.35 kWh.", "answer": "A corded 7-1/4 inch circular saw draws about 1,400 watts while cutting (roughly 1,000-1,800 W; most are 15-amp tools) and about 2,300 W for a moment at start-up.", "factors": [ "Motor rating: most full-size corded saws are 13-15 A", "Material and blade: ripping thick hardwood or using a dull blade loads the motor more", "Free-spinning draw is well below the cutting draw", "Worm-drive saws and larger blades draw more than sidewinder 7-1/4 inch saws" ], "backup_notes": [ "A 3,000 W generator handles a circular saw with headroom; a 2,000 W inverter generator can work but may bog down in heavy cuts", "Power stations need a continuous rating above about 1,800 W for a 15 A saw under full load", "Use a 12-gauge cord for long runs to avoid voltage drop", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Use heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never backfeed a home outlet." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Generac portable generator brochure: wattage reference chart (approximate running and starting watts)", "url": "https://apelectric.com/content/PDF/Generac/7713_brochure.pdf" }, { "title": "DEWALT DWE575 7-1/4 in. lightweight circular saw (15 amp motor)", "url": "https://www.dewalt.com/product/dwe575/7-14-in-lightweight-circular-saw" }, { "title": "Generac/CHP generator wattage worksheet and buying guide", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/circular-saw/" }, { "slug": "ev-charger", "name": "EV charger", "category": "outdoor-tools", "aliases": [ "ev charger", "electric car charger", "level 2 charger", "level 1 charger", "home ev charger", "tesla charger" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 1400, "typical": 7200, "high": 11500 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 1.5, "kwh_per_day": 10.8, "kwh_note": "Assumes a Level 2 charger at about 7.2 kW running 1.5 hours a day to replace a typical day's driving (about 15-30 miles of range at DOT's 10-20 miles per hour of Level 2 charging). Actual use depends entirely on miles driven and vehicle efficiency.", "answer": "A Level 1 EV charger on a 120 V outlet draws about 1,400 watts (roughly 1-1.9 kW). A home Level 2 charger on 240 V typically draws 7,000-11,500 watts, about 7.2 kW for a common 32-amp unit.", "factors": [ "Charging level: Level 1 (120 V) is about 1-1.9 kW; Level 2 (208-240 V) is 7-19 kW, with 7-11.5 kW typical at home", "Circuit and charger amperage: a 32 A charger draws about 7.7 kW, a 48 A charger about 11.5 kW", "The car's onboard charger limit caps how much power it accepts", "Battery state of charge and temperature: charging slows near full and in cold weather" ], "backup_notes": [ "A portable power station can't meaningfully charge an EV: Level 1 adds only about 2-5 miles of range per hour at roughly 1-1.4 kW, so a 2 kWh station empties in under 2 hours for perhaps 5-10 miles of range, a tiny fraction of a 60+ kWh battery", "Many Level 1 cords are set to 12 A (about 1,440 W continuous), which exceeds the output of smaller power stations; most cars also let you lower the charge rate", "A home backup generator can add emergency range but uses a lot of fuel per mile; in an outage, charging the car is usually a low priority", "Never connect a generator to a hardwired Level 2 charger except through an electrician-installed transfer switch; never backfeed. Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents." ], "sources": [ { "title": "U.S. DOT: Charger types and speeds (Level 1, Level 2, DC fast)", "url": "https://www.transportation.gov/rural/ev/toolkit/ev-basics/charging-speeds" }, { "title": "Plug In America quick guide to EV charging (via Mass.gov)", "url": "https://www.mass.gov/doc/plug-in-america-quick-guide/download" }, { "title": "U.S. DOE AFDC: Developing infrastructure to charge electric vehicles", "url": "https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity-infrastructure-development" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/ev-charger/" }, { "slug": "garage-door-opener", "name": "Garage door opener", "category": "outdoor-tools", "aliases": [ "garage door opener", "garage opener", "1/2 hp garage door opener", "chain drive opener", "belt drive opener" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 400, "typical": 875, "high": 1000 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 2350, "note": "Generac's chart lists about 2,350 W to start a 1/2 HP opener; DC-motor belt-drive models with soft start usually surge far less" }, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 0.05, "kwh_per_day": 0.15, "kwh_note": "Motor runs only about 3 minutes a day (875 W x 0.05 h = about 0.04 kWh); most daily use is standby power for the receiver and sensors, about 1-15 W depending on age (around 0.1 kWh/day at 5 W).", "answer": "A 1/2 HP garage door opener draws about 875 watts while the door moves (roughly 400-1,000 W) and can surge to about 2,350 W at start. It only runs a few minutes a day, so daily energy use is small.", "factors": [ "Motor size: 1/3, 1/2 and 3/4 HP-equivalent models", "AC chain-drive motors draw more and surge harder than DC belt-drive motors", "Door weight, spring balance and track condition change the motor load", "Built-in lights add up to 100 W per socket on older models; LED lights add little", "Standby draw ranges from about 1 W on newer models to 14 W or more on older ones" ], "backup_notes": [ "You rarely need to power an opener in an outage: every opener has a manual release cord so you can open the door by hand", "Many newer DC openers have optional or built-in battery backup that gives a number of cycles without grid power", "If you do power one, a power station with pure sine wave output and a surge rating above about 2,400 W covers most 1/2 HP AC models", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Use heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never backfeed a home outlet." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Generac portable generator brochure: wattage reference chart (approximate running and starting watts)", "url": "https://apelectric.com/content/PDF/Generac/7713_brochure.pdf" }, { "title": "Green Building Advisor: Garage door openers are always on (standby and operating power)", "url": "https://www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/article/garage-door-openers-are-always-on" }, { "title": "LiftMaster 3280CM owner's manual (120 V, 60 Hz; 1/2 HP)", "url": "https://www.garagehowto.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Liftmaster-Model-3280CM.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/garage-door-opener/" }, { "slug": "hot-tub", "name": "Hot tub", "category": "outdoor-tools", "aliases": [ "hot tub", "spa", "jacuzzi", "outdoor spa", "240v hot tub" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 1500, "typical": 4000, "high": 7500 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.05, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 4.8, "kwh_note": "Heater (~4 kW) cycles about 5% of the day on average: 4,000 W x 24 h x 0.05 = 4.8 kWh. Hot Spring's estimates for a mid-size spa range from 100 kWh/month in Miami to 210 kWh/month in Chicago (about 3.3-7 kWh/day); colder climates and heavy use push it higher.", "answer": "A 240 V hot tub draws about 4,000 watts while heating (roughly 1,500 W for 120 V plug-in spas up to 7,500 W with heater and jets running). Averaged over a day, most use about 3-8 kWh.", "factors": [ "Heater size: 240 V spas typically use 4-6 kW heaters; 120 V plug-and-play spas about 1.5 kW", "Jet pumps (often 2+ HP each) add a large load when running", "Outdoor temperature, cover quality and insulation drive how often the heater runs", "Set temperature and how often and long the tub is used" ], "backup_notes": [ "A hot tub is not an outage essential; in freezing weather the priority is just keeping water circulating so plumbing doesn't freeze", "240 V spas are hardwired with a 50 A GFCI disconnect; any generator connection must go through an electrician-installed transfer switch, never a backfed outlet", "Portable power stations cannot meaningfully run a 4-6 kW heater; size any generator for the heater plus the jet pump's starting surge", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Use heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never backfeed a home outlet." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Hot Spring: Leading energy efficiency (monthly kWh by climate)", "url": "https://www.hotspring.com/advantages/leading-energy-efficiency" }, { "title": "Hot Spring Grandee spec sheet (230 V, 50 A, 4 kW heater)", "url": "https://www.hotspring.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/hot-spring-highlife-collection-grandee-specsheet-2021.pdf" }, { "title": "Hydropool: How much electricity does a hot tub use (6 kW 240 V and 1.5 kW 120 V heaters)", "url": "https://www.hydropoolhottubs.com/Learning-Centre/Blogs/How-Much-Will-a-Hot-Tub-Raise-My-Electric-Bill" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/hot-tub/" }, { "slug": "pool-pump", "name": "Pool pump", "category": "outdoor-tools", "aliases": [ "pool pump", "swimming pool pump", "variable speed pool pump", "pool filter pump", "single speed pool pump" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 100, "typical": 2000, "high": 2400 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 4000, "note": "Estimate: single-speed induction pumps follow generator makers' rule of thumb of about 2x running watts at start; variable-speed pumps ramp up gradually and have little surge" }, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 6, "kwh_per_day": 12, "kwh_note": "Typical value is a 1.5 HP single-speed pump (~2,000 W) running 6 hours a day: about 12 kWh. A DOE Building America case study measured about 12.6 kWh/day single-speed vs about 2.2 kWh/day with a variable-speed pump at low speed.", "answer": "A typical 1.5 HP single-speed pool pump draws about 2,000 watts (2 HP pumps about 2,400 W). Variable-speed pumps can filter at only 75-220 W on low speed. Single-speed pumps also need a starting surge.", "factors": [ "Single-speed vs variable-speed: halving pump speed cuts energy use to about one-eighth", "Horsepower: 1-2 HP is common for in-ground pools; above-ground pumps are smaller", "Daily run time: most pools need about 5-6 hours of single-speed filtration", "ENERGY STAR certified in-ground pumps use about 20% less energy than standard models", "Clogged filters and long plumbing runs raise the load" ], "backup_notes": [ "A pool pump is a low priority in most outages; skip it to save fuel or battery for essentials", "Most in-ground pumps are 230-240 V and hardwired; powering one needs a 240 V generator and a transfer switch installed by an electrician, never backfeeding", "Few portable power stations can supply a 2,000 W 240 V pump for hours; a variable-speed pump at low speed is far more realistic", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Use heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never backfeed a home outlet." ], "sources": [ { "title": "U.S. DOE Building America: Measure Guideline, Replacing Single-Speed Pool Pumps with Variable Speed Pumps", "url": "https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/building_america/measure_guide_pool_pump.pdf" }, { "title": "ENERGY STAR: Pool pumps", "url": "https://www.energystar.gov/products/pool_pumps" }, { "title": "Generac/CHP generator wattage worksheet and buying guide", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/pool-pump/" }, { "slug": "sump-pump", "name": "Sump pump", "category": "outdoor-tools", "aliases": [ "sump pump", "basement sump pump", "submersible sump pump", "1/3 hp sump pump", "1/2 hp sump pump" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 700, "typical": 1000, "high": 1300 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 2150, "note": "Generac's chart lists about 2,150 W to start a 1/2 HP sump pump; 1/3 HP models start lower, but plan on roughly 2x running watts for the split-second motor start" }, "duty_cycle": 0.05, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 1.2, "kwh_note": "Highly weather-dependent: assumes the pump cycles about 5% of the time (roughly 70 minutes a day) during a wet period; 1,000 W x 24 h x 0.05 = 1.2 kWh. In dry weather it may barely run; in a storm it can run far more.", "answer": "A typical sump pump draws about 1,000 watts while pumping (roughly 700 W for 1/3 HP to 1,300 W for 1/2 HP models). Starting surge is about 2,000-2,200 watts for a 1/2 HP pump.", "factors": [ "Horsepower: 1/3 HP pumps draw less than 1/2 HP or 3/4 HP models", "Lift height and pipe run: pumping against more head changes the motor load", "Rainfall and water table set how often the float switch cycles the pump", "Cast-iron, permanent split capacitor motors and newer efficient designs draw less per gallon" ], "backup_notes": [ "A sump pump is often the top-priority load in a storm outage; size for the starting surge (about 2,200 W for 1/2 HP), not just the running watts", "A power station needs a surge rating above the pump's start draw and enough battery for repeated cycles; a 1,000 Wh unit may cover only a few hours of heavy pumping", "Pure sine wave output is recommended for induction motors", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Use heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never backfeed a home outlet." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Generac portable generator brochure: wattage reference chart (approximate running and starting watts)", "url": "https://apelectric.com/content/PDF/Generac/7713_brochure.pdf" }, { "title": "Zoeller Mighty-Mate M53 specifications (1/3 HP, 115 V, 9.7 full-load amps)", "url": "https://usabluebook.com/zoeller-mighty-mate-m53-effluent-pumps-automatic-0-34255" }, { "title": "Generac/CHP generator wattage worksheet and buying guide", "url": "https://dam.generac.com/ImConvServlet/imconv/b807fd2cc096c5464d1d28bc6f16d391f505a6b5/original" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/sump-pump/" }, { "slug": "well-pump", "name": "Well pump", "category": "outdoor-tools", "aliases": [ "well pump", "submersible well pump", "deep well pump", "water well pump", "1 hp well pump" ], "voltage": 240, "running_watts": { "low": 670, "typical": 1000, "high": 1600 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 2100, "note": "Generac lists about 2,100 W to start a 1/2 HP well pump; 3/4-1 HP pumps need much more. Franklin Electric recommends a minimum generator of 2-4 kW (1/2 to 1 HP, externally regulated) and 50% more for 2-wire motors" }, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 1.5, "kwh_per_day": 1.5, "kwh_note": "Assumes the pump runs about 1.5 hours a day in total to supply a household; 1,000 W x 1.5 h = 1.5 kWh. Actual run time depends on water use, well depth and pressure tank size.", "answer": "A typical 1/2 to 3/4 HP submersible well pump draws about 1,000 watts while running (roughly 670-1,600 W from 1/2 to 1 HP). It needs a big starting surge, about 2,100 W for 1/2 HP and more for larger pumps.", "factors": [ "Horsepower: Franklin Electric's data shows about 670 W (1/2 HP) to 1,210 W (1 HP) at full load, rising to 960-1,600 W at service-factor load", "Well depth and pressure setting determine how hard the motor works", "2-wire motors (no control box) have higher locked-rotor current than 3-wire motors", "Pressure tank size affects how often the pump cycles on and off", "Most US submersible pumps are wired for 240 V; some 1/2 HP models are 115 V" ], "backup_notes": [ "Well pumps have one of the hardest starts in a home: Franklin Electric's minimum generator sizes are 2 kW (1/2 HP), 3 kW (3/4 HP) and 4 kW (1 HP) for externally regulated generators, 50% higher for 2-wire motors", "Most well pumps are 240 V and hardwired, so you need a generator with a 240 V outlet and a transfer switch or interlock installed by an electrician; never backfeed", "Only large power stations with 240 V output and high surge ratings can start a well pump; check surge watts and voltage before buying", "Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; carbon monoxide from generators kills. Use heavy-duty extension cords or a professionally installed transfer switch, never backfeed a home outlet." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Franklin Electric: Submersible Motors Application, Installation, Maintenance manual (generator sizing and motor electrical data)", "url": "https://dee.nebraska.gov/sites/default/files/water/Submersible%20Motors.pdf" }, { "title": "Generac portable generator brochure: wattage reference chart (approximate running and starting watts)", "url": "https://apelectric.com/content/PDF/Generac/7713_brochure.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/well-pump/" }, { "slug": "cpap", "name": "CPAP machine", "category": "medical", "aliases": [ "cpap", "cpap machine", "apap", "bipap", "sleep apnea machine", "resmed airsense" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 7, "typical": 22, "high": 44 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 8, "kwh_per_day": 0.18, "kwh_note": "22 W (with heated humidifier) x 8 hours = about 0.18 kWh a night; without humidification it is under 0.1 kWh.", "answer": "A CPAP uses about 7-10 watts with the humidifier off and about 22 watts with the heated humidifier on, rising to 34-44 W with a heated tube (ResMed test data). Power supplies are rated 65-90 W, but real draw is far lower.", "factors": [ "Heated humidifier: the biggest factor, roughly tripling draw", "Heated tubing (such as ClimateLine) adds another 10-20 W", "Pressure setting and bilevel (BiPAP/ASV) therapy draw more than standard CPAP", "Room temperature and humidity settings change how hard the heaters work" ], "backup_notes": [ "CPAP is a high-priority load in an outage; a 300-500 Wh power station runs one for several nights with the humidifier off", "Turning off the humidifier and heated tube cuts consumption by about two-thirds and is the easiest way to stretch battery", "Using the manufacturer's DC cable or converter avoids inverter losses; if using AC, choose a pure sine wave power station", "If you depend on your CPAP or BiPAP medically, talk to your doctor and equipment supplier about a backup plan and register with your utility's medical-needs program if available. Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents." ], "sources": [ { "title": "ResMed: Power consumption of Air10 devices (test data)", "url": "https://document.resmed.com/documents/products/machine/air10-lumis-series/Power+consumption+Air10+devices.pdf" }, { "title": "ResMed: AirSense 11 65 W power supply unit", "url": "https://shop.resmed.com/GB/en/cpap-spare-parts/airsense-11-power-supply/p/39209" }, { "title": "Philips Respironics DreamStation CPAP product sheet (100-240 VAC; 80 W power supply)", "url": "https://www.documents.philips.com/assets/20170523/52bc2a8255f84a378cdba77c0157173e.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/cpap/" }, { "slug": "oxygen-concentrator", "name": "Oxygen concentrator", "category": "medical", "aliases": [ "oxygen concentrator", "home oxygen concentrator", "portable oxygen concentrator", "poc", "oxygen machine" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 30, "typical": 350, "high": 600 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 700, "note": "Estimate: home units use an internal compressor, so plan on roughly 2x running watts at start (generator makers' rule of thumb); no manufacturer publishes a start figure" }, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 8.4, "kwh_note": "A 5 LPM home concentrator (Philips EverFlo, 350 W average) running continuously uses about 8.4 kWh a day; patients on nighttime-only oxygen use about a third of that.", "answer": "A 5-liter home oxygen concentrator uses about 350 watts (Philips EverFlo average), and 10-liter units about 585-600 W. Portable concentrators draw far less, roughly 30-120 W depending on pulse or continuous flow.", "factors": [ "Flow capacity: 5 LPM home units draw about 300-350 W, 10 LPM units around 585 W", "Portable (pulse-dose) vs stationary (continuous flow) design", "Flow setting and breathing rate for portable pulse-dose units", "Charging batteries while running increases portable units' draw" ], "backup_notes": [ "A home concentrator at 350 W drains a 1,000 Wh power station in roughly 2.5 hours; keep backup oxygen cylinders as your primary outage plan, as most suppliers advise", "Portable concentrators are much easier to back up: run them on their own batteries and recharge from a power station or vehicle DC outlet", "Use a pure sine wave power station or inverter generator for medical electronics, and check the device manual's power guidance", "Tell your utility and oxygen supplier you depend on powered medical equipment. Run a gas generator outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents; also keep oxygen away from the generator and any open flame." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Philips EverFlo home oxygen concentrator specifications (350 W average)", "url": "https://www.philips.com.au/healthcare/product/HC0044000/everflo-home-oxygen-system/specifications" }, { "title": "Invacare Platinum 10 user manual (585 W typical)", "url": "https://usme.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/platinum_10l.pdf" }, { "title": "Philips Respironics SimplyGo provider brochure (power consumption and battery run times)", "url": "https://www.documents.philips.com/doclib/enc/9804620/SimplyGo-Provider-Brochure.pdf" }, { "title": "Inogen One G5 user manual (DC input 120 W max)", "url": "https://ie.healthcare.airliquide.com/sites/alh_ie/files/2024-02/inogen_g5_english_user-manual-web.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/oxygen-concentrator/" }, { "slug": "portable-fridge", "name": "Portable fridge", "category": "rv-camping", "aliases": [ "portable fridge", "12v fridge", "compressor cooler", "powered cooler", "car fridge", "camping fridge" ], "voltage": 12, "running_watts": { "low": 35, "typical": 50, "high": 100 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 0.42, "hours_per_day": 24, "kwh_per_day": 0.5, "kwh_note": "Dometic rates its 46 L CFX3 45 at 0.49 kWh per 24 h on DC (fridge at 5 C in 25 C ambient); 50 W x 24 h x 0.42 = 0.5 kWh. Hot weather, freezer mode and frequent opening raise this.", "answer": "A 12 V compressor fridge/cooler draws about 50 watts while the compressor runs (roughly 35-100 W) and averages about 0.5 kWh a day (around 20 W average) as it cycles in mild weather.", "factors": [ "Ambient temperature: hot cars and sunny campsites make the compressor run much more", "Freezer vs fridge setting: freezing can double energy use", "Size: 35-55 liter models are most common; dual-zone models use more", "Opening frequency, pre-chilling food and keeping it full", "Eco vs max mode settings on the compressor" ], "backup_notes": [ "Run it from the power station's 12 V DC car-style outlet rather than the AC inverter to avoid conversion losses", "A 500 Wh power station runs a typical 45 L compressor fridge for roughly 2-4 days in mild weather; heat shortens that", "These variable-speed DC compressors start softly, so surge is not a concern for power station sizing", "Use the fridge's low-voltage cutoff setting to protect a vehicle starter battery" ], "sources": [ { "title": "Dometic CFX3 45 technical specifications (52 W rated, 0.49 kWh/24h)", "url": "https://www.dometic.com/en-gb/outdoor/coolers/electric-coolboxes/cfx345-9600025327" }, { "title": "Dometic CFX3 55 technical specifications (50 W rated, 0.56 kWh/24h)", "url": "https://www.dometic.com/en/professional/last-mile-delivery-solutions/compressor-coolers/dometic-cfx3-55-225772" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/portable-fridge/" }, { "slug": "rv-air-conditioner", "name": "RV air conditioner", "category": "rv-camping", "aliases": [ "rv air conditioner", "rv ac", "rooftop ac", "13500 btu rv ac", "15000 btu rv ac", "camper ac" ], "voltage": 120, "running_watts": { "low": 1300, "typical": 1600, "high": 2000 }, "starting_watts": { "typical": 3000, "note": "Without a soft starter a 13,500 BTU unit can surge to about 2,800-3,500 W and a 15,000 BTU unit to about 3,500-4,000 W; a soft-start kit can cut the surge by up to about 70%" }, "duty_cycle": 0.6, "hours_per_day": 8, "kwh_per_day": 7.7, "kwh_note": "Assumes 8 hours of use with the compressor running about 60% of the time on a hot day; 1,600 W x 8 h x 0.6 = about 7.7 kWh.", "answer": "A 13,500 BTU rooftop RV air conditioner draws about 1,500 watts running and a 15,000 BTU unit about 1,700-1,900 W. Without a soft starter, expect a start surge of roughly 2,800-4,000 W.", "factors": [ "Capacity: 13,500 BTU units draw about 1,500-1,670 W, 15,000 BTU units about 1,700-1,950 W", "Outdoor heat and sun load: running watts rise as it gets hotter", "Low voltage at a campground pedestal or long cord raises current and stresses the compressor", "Heat pump models and heat strips have different draws in heating mode", "A soft-start kit lowers the compressor's start surge, not its running watts" ], "backup_notes": [ "Without a soft starter a 13,500 BTU unit typically needs a 3,000 W+ generator, and a 15,000 BTU unit about 4,000 W; with a soft starter about 2,000-2,200 W can work", "A soft-start kit is an add-on module wired into the AC unit's compressor circuit that ramps the motor up gradually; it lets smaller inverter generators and large power stations start the AC", "Running an RV AC on batteries takes big capacity: at about 1,500 W, a 3 kWh battery bank lasts roughly 2 hours of compressor run time", "Point the generator exhaust away from the RV, its windows, vents and neighbors' campsites; carbon monoxide can enter through slide-outs and vents. Keep CO alarms working." ], "sources": [ { "title": "Dometic Brisk II 13.5K BTU rooftop AC specifications (1,670 W cooling, ISO 5151)", "url": "https://dometic.com/en-us/us/products/climate/air-conditioners/rv-air-conditioners/dometic-brisk-ii-air-_-20674" }, { "title": "Dometic Brisk II 15K heat pump specifications (1,725 W cooling, ISO 5151)", "url": "https://dometic.com/en-us/us/products/climate/air-conditioners/rv-air-conditioners/dometic-brisk-ii-air-_-20679" }, { "title": "Micro-Air: What size generator do you need to run an RV air conditioner", "url": "https://www.microair.net/blogs/news/what-size-generator-do-you-need-to-run-an-rv-air-conditioner" }, { "title": "Generac portable generator brochure: wattage reference chart (approximate running and starting watts)", "url": "https://apelectric.com/content/PDF/Generac/7713_brochure.pdf" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/rv-air-conditioner/" }, { "slug": "rv-water-pump", "name": "RV water pump", "category": "rv-camping", "aliases": [ "rv water pump", "12v water pump", "camper water pump", "fresh water pump", "rv pump" ], "voltage": 12, "running_watts": { "low": 25, "typical": 50, "high": 80 }, "starting_watts": null, "duty_cycle": 1, "hours_per_day": 0.5, "kwh_per_day": 0.025, "kwh_note": "Assumes about 30 minutes of total pump run time a day for dishes, showers and toilet flushes; 50 W x 0.5 h = 0.025 kWh.", "answer": "A typical 3 GPM 12 V RV water pump draws about 25-80 watts (roughly 2-7 amps at 12 V), around 50 W in normal use. It only runs when a faucet is open, so daily energy use is tiny.", "factors": [ "Pressure: draw rises from about 2.2 A at open flow to about 6.8 A near the 55 PSI shut-off (SHURflo 4008 spec)", "Flow rating: 3-4 GPM pumps draw more than 2 GPM pumps", "Clogged strainer or kinked lines make the pump work harder", "Variable-speed pumps run more smoothly and can draw less at low flow" ], "backup_notes": [ "Runs from the RV's 12 V house battery; any power station with a 12 V outlet can run it for a long time", "Use a 10 A fuse as the pump maker specifies and keep wiring short and adequately sized to avoid voltage drop", "Turn the pump off when leaving the RV or sleeping to prevent cycling from small leaks draining the battery" ], "sources": [ { "title": "SHURflo Revolution 4008 series product data sheet (12 VDC, 3.0 GPM, 2.2-6.8 A)", "url": "https://defender.com/assets/pdf/shurflo/pds-4008-101-x65.pdf" }, { "title": "Defender: SHURflo Revolution 4008 series by-pass pump", "url": "https://defender.com/en_us/shurflo-revolution-4008-series-by-pass-pump" } ], "verified_date": "2026-10-11", "url": "https://www.plugcount.com/watts/rv-water-pump/" } ] }